Alkanes

• What are alkanes classified as?

  A homologous series of hydrocarbons
• What elements do alkanes contain?

  Only carbon and hydrogen atoms
• What is a key characteristic of alkanes regarding bonds?

  They have no double bonds
• What happens to the boiling point of alkanes as the carbon chain length increases?

  The boiling point increases with chain length
• What state do the first four alkanes exist in at room temperature?

  They exist as gases
• What state do longer alkanes (more than four carbons) typically exist in at room temperature?

  They are liquids at room temperature
• What happens to very long alkanes at room temperature?

  They could be solid
• How does the volatility of shorter alkanes compare to longer alkanes?

  Shorter alkanes are more volatile
• What does it mean for an alkane to be viscous?

  It is thick and sticky
• Which alkanes are easier to ignite?

  Shorter alkanes are more flammable
• What is one main use of hydrocarbons like alkanes?

  They are used as fuel
• What is produced during complete combustion of hydrocarbons?

  Carbon dioxide and water
• What type of reaction occurs during the combustion of hydrocarbons?

  It is an exothermic reaction
• What happens to hydrogen and carbon during combustion?

  They are oxidized
• What are the properties of alkanes related to carbon chain length?

  • Boiling point increases with chain length
  • Shorter alkanes are more volatile
  • Longer alkanes are more viscous
  • Shorter alkanes are more flammable
• What is the process of combustion in hydrocarbons?

  • Hydrocarbons react with oxygen
  • Produces carbon dioxide and water
  • Releases energy (exothermic reaction)
  • Requires sufficient oxygen for complete combustion