Decoding the Genetic Code

• What is the genetic code used for?

  To translate DNA into proteins
• Steps in the process of protein synthesis according to the genetic code

  1️⃣ DNA in nucleus is copied to mRNA through transcription

  2️⃣ mRNA leaves nucleus

  3️⃣ In cytoplasm, ribosomes read mRNA sequence

  4️⃣ Ribosomes link amino acids to form proteins
• What is the role of mRNA in protein synthesis?

  Carries genetic information
• What is the role of tRNA in translation?

  Adapter between codons and amino acids
• Steps in the process of tRNA binding during translation

  1️⃣ tRNA anticodon binds to mRNA codon

  2️⃣ tRNA carries the specific amino acid

  3️⃣ Ribosome matches tRNA to mRNA
• What does the large subunit of a ribosome catalyze?

  Peptide bond formation
• What are the three main steps of translation?

  Initiation, elongation, termination
• Where does transcription occur in a cell?

  Nucleus