Cells

• All living things are made of cells
• Ribosomes make proteins
• The nucleus contains genetic material (DNA) which controls the activities of the cell
• Vacuoles store water and other substances within plant cells
• Chloroplasts contain chlorophyll, which is used to capture light energy during photosynthesis
• Cell membranes control what enters or leaves the cell
• Cytoplasm is a gel-like substance where most of the chemical reactions occur. It contains enzymes that control these chemical reactions.
• Eukaryotes are organisms that are made up of eukaryotic cells
• A prokaryote is a single-celled organism that does not have a nucleus.
• Prokaryotes include bacteria and archaea
• Plants have a rigid cell wall - made of cellulose. It supports the cell and strengthens it
• A permanent vacuole contains cell sap - a weak solution of sugar and salts
• Bacterial cells don't have a 'true' nucleus - instead they have a single circular strand of DNA that floats freely in the cytoplasm
• Bacterial cells may also contain one or more small rings of DNA called plasmids
• Bacteria don't have chloroplasts or mitochondria by they have a cell wall and a cell membrane