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Biology (AQA)
Cell Biology
Cells
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All living things are made of
cells
Ribosomes
make proteins
The
nucleus
contains
genetic material
(
DNA
) which
controls
the
activities of the cell
Vacuoles
store
water
and other substances within
plant
cells
Chloroplasts
contain
chlorophyll
, which is used to capture
light energy
during
photosynthesis
Cell membranes
control what
enters
or
leaves
the cell
Cytoplasm
is a gel-like substance where most of the
chemical reactions
occur. It contains
enzymes
that control these
chemical reactions.
Eukaryotes
are organisms that are
made up
of
eukaryotic cells
A
prokaryote
is a single-celled organism that does not have a
nucleus.
Prokaryotes
include
bacteria
and archaea
Plants have a rigid
cell wall
- made of
cellulose.
It
supports
the cell and
strengthens
it
A
permanent
vacuole contains
cell sap
- a weak solution of sugar and salts
Bacterial cells don't have a
'true' nucleus
- instead they have a single
circular
strand of
DNA
that
floats
freely in the
cytoplasm
Bacterial
cells may also contain one or more small rings of
DNA
called
plasmids
Bacteria don't have
chloroplasts
or
mitochondria
by they have a
cell wall
and a
cell membrane