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• Literature is the body of written words.
• The Latin word for Literature is Littera.
• Pre-colonial period in Philippine history was the longest, lasting from BC-1564.
• In pre-colonial period, the Philippines was discovered and the history of it started only in 1521.
• Pre-colonial literature includes Oral Literature, Folk songs, Folk tales.
• Folk Tales in pre-colonial period, also known as Kwentong Bayan, are stories of native Filipinos, dealing with the power of nature personified usually "Bathala", responsible for the blessings and calamities.
• Pre-colonial literature under Folk Tales includes Myths, Legends, Fables, Epics.
• Spanish Period in Philippine history began with the discovery of the Philippines by Ferdinand Magellan in March, 1521.
• 3 G's in Spanish Period were God, Gold, Glory.
• Under Miguel Lopez de Legazpi, the Philippines accepted the Spanish Colonization in 1565.
• Spanish Period includes Religious Literature, Secular Literature, Propaganda, and Revolutionary Literature.
• Religious Literature in Spanish Period talks about the life and death of Jesus Christ.
• Payson in Religious Literature refers to passion, journey and suffering, death of Jesus Christ.
• Senakulo in Religious Literature is the reenactment of pasyon.
• Komedya in Religious Literature is a form of theater or stage drama.
• Secular or Non-Religious Literature in Spanish Period includes Awit, Korido, Prose Narratives.
• Awit in Secular or Non-Religious Literature are tales of valiance and adventure, where a knight saves a princess, for example, Florante and Laura.
• Korido in Secular or Non-Religious Literature is a metrical tale, which follows the structure of a poem.
• Prose Narratives in Secular or Non-Religious Literature are easy to understand instructional materials, literary light teaches Filipinos on proper decorum.
• Pre-colonial Literature includes Oral Literature, Folk songs, Folk tales.
• Riddles contain superficial words, figuratively and as metaphors.
• Proverbs are statements that are considered wise, given by parents/ elders, guidelines on proper behavior.
• Folk Songs reflect the traditions, traditional songs and melodies.
• Lullabies, locally known as hele, are sung to put babies to sleep.
• Drinking Songs, known as tagay, are sung during drinking sessions.
• Love Songs, known as harana, are sung to express love.
• Kumintang, known as war song, are sung during war times.
• Kalusan depict the livelihood the people.
• Folk Tales, also known as Kwentong Bayan, are stories of native Filipinos, dealing with the power of nature personified usually "Bathala", responsible for the blessings and calamities.
• Myths are traditional sacred stories that narrate the activities of Gods and heroes.
• Legends explain the origin of things.
• Fables use animal characters and allegory.
• Epics are very lengthy narratives that depict the encounters of fighters, stereotypical princes/heroes that save a damsel in distress.
• Propaganda forms of satires, editorials, and news articles were used to attack Spanish rule
• G. Jaena's pen name was Diego Laura
• Propaganda Trinity: Dr. J. Rizal, Marcelo H. Del Pilar, G. Jaena
• G. Jaena's - And Fray Botod exposed how some friars were greedy, ambitious, and immoral
• G. Jaena's works "La Hija Del Fraile" (The Child of the Friar) & "Everything is Hambug" (EverEverything is mere show) explain the tragedy of marrying a Spaniard
• M. Del Pilar's pen names were Dolores Manapat, Piping Dilat, Plaridel
• Del Pilar's work "Kaingat Kaayo" was a humorous and sarcastic dig in response to Fr. Jose Rodriguez in the novel Noli Me Tangere