Arts and Crafts Of Luzon

• there are two types of structures that can be devided into 2 eras precolonial and colonian
• pre colonial structures were built before the arival of the colonizers
• colonial structures is an architecture built before during the time of the colonization
• Bahay kubo, ifugao house is an example of pre colonial structures
• bahay kubo is one story dwelling it s elevated on stilts to prevent wild animals from going inside the house and protects it from floods. iits walls are made of bamboo while the roofs are made of thatched dried anahaw leaves
• ifugao house is made from wood and thatched it is a one room dwelling that is square in plan. elevated by four wooden posts made of tree trunks and crowned by a pyramidial thatched roof that extends beyond the windowless walls. Ivatans designed their houses low and it is made of limestone roofs and are made of thatched nipa so it can be easy to replace
• the difference between the bahay kubo and ifugao house is that ifugao house is windowless meanwhile bahay kubo has windows and bahay kubo house can be moved in different places meanwhile the ifugao house can replace roofs only
• colonian houses- while its called bahay na bato the stone is only used as walls of the ground floors this will support the upper floors. the upper floors are made of righter materials like wood
• bahay na bato is also called the evolution of bahay kubo and it was the resdence of rich filipinos found in vigan
• Vigan city is considered heritage site and the "best preserved examples of planned spanish colonial town in asia"
• unesco means?

  united nations education scientific and cultural organzation
• unesco is an international body that looks for things deemed important to the development or history of the country and the world
• San agustin church is considered the oldest church in the philippines it has survived many natural disasters and its interior is decorated with trompe L'oeil paintings that "fool the eye" it is followng the baroque architecture wth a very elaborate retablo or altarpiece
• pasay church also known as the san agustin church in the ilocos norte
• pasay church has an iconic facade used in many postcards and travel brochures it is designed to withstand earthquakes with its massive buttresses and thick cotal stone brick walls
• pasay church has a bell tower made from some materials seperate from the church itself which adds to the awe inspring effects
• vakul is an umbrella like headgear that protects the ivatan farmers from the sun and the rain this headgear is made of woven voyavoy leaves of the philippines date palm a tree endemic in batanes
• Callado which is the fine embroidery from batangas this intricate and very detailed needlework is characterized by varying thickiness, almost like a sculptural relief used to design barong tagalog
• Baro't saya is a multilayered ensemble that consists of the baro (blouse) and the saya (skirt) with tapis tied around the saya kola (train of cloth or gold combs often used with mantilla which is a veil worn over
• terno is an evolution of the baro't saya it is a streamined version of the baro't saya consisting of the baron and the saya into one piece also known as maria clara
• Barong tagalog is a loose fitting long-sleeves shirt and is the classic formal attire of the filipino men it is translucent
• Bulul is one of the most popular examples of ifugao sculptures
• bulul can have a position of sitting and standing
• Sometimes bulul would be carved in pairs to symbolize fertility
• Santos- paeta laguna ka popular for its artistry And first known as the center of relegious iconography for wood carvings of catholic icons or santos.
• Santos which means holy persons in spanish are carved icons of different personalities in the catholic faith
• The early santos were carved from hardwood but as time passed artisans started using more expensive materials like ivory for the face and rare materials like silk rubbies gold diamonds for the hands and feet
• The most popular subjects were the saints, the passion of the christ and the virgin mary
• Taka is another product of paeta laguna
• The taka is a papier mache sculpture the common subjects used are carabao maria clara doll and horse
• It is usually colored with bright red paint decorated with cheerful designs and patterns it is finished with glossy varnish which adds strengths to the paper sculpture it is usually sold outside churches during fiestas
• Higantes means giants are sculptures that are constructed hsing paper and bamboo
• Higantes are parades during the feast of san clemente in angino rizal
• higantes were used to mock spanish landlords whose hands were often at their waists
• Burnay in ilocos is an earthenware made of clay and tempered by sand.
• burnay is unglazed and baked in a kiln it has small openings compared to the rest of its body it is used for storing items such as basi wine fish sauce water sand
• Abel also found is ilocos the abel is a well known fabric
• Abel comes in different designs but the most recognizable variation is the binakul ab is a handwoven partern that represents the sea with the moving waves
• Kinuttiyan the kinuttiyan is an ifugao woven blanket that is dyed using the ikat method
• The kinuttiyan blanket is decorated with different human like figures at its center and is used to cover the body of the deceased