CRI MODULE 7

• Law enforcement organizations exist to discourage a wide range of non-criminal violations of rules and norms
• Peace officers or law enforcement officers include every person vested by the legislating with police power or authority
• Traditionally, anyone sworn or badged, who can arrest any person for a violation of criminal law, is included under the umbrella term of law enforcement
• Law enforcement agencies in the Philippines other than the Philippine National Police (PNP) are:

  • National Bureau of Investigation (NBI)
  • Philippine Center on Transnational Crime (PCTC)
  • Philippine Coast Guard (PCG)
  • Bureau of Immigration
  • Philippine Drug Enforcement Agency (PDEA)
• National Bureau of Investigation (NBI) is an agency of the Philippine government under the Department of Justice
• NBI - Responsible for handling and solving major high-profile cases that are in the interest of the nation
• Commonwealth Act No. 181 - the inception of the National Bureau of Investigation, originally called Division of Investigation
• Republic Act No. 157 - reorganized the Division of Investigation into the Bureau of Investigation under the Department of Justice (DOJ)
• Executive Order No. 94 - renamed the Bureau of Investigation to National Bureau of Investigation which remained attached to DOJ
• Executive Order No. 292 - the Administrative Code of 1987
• Republic Act No. 10867 - known as the National Bureau of Investigation Reorganization and Modernization Act
• Philippine Center on Transnational Crime (PCTC) handles crimes related to transnational crime, which are crimes that transcend beyond borders
• The PCTC is under the Office of the President
• The Executive Director has immediate supervision and control over all units of the PCTC
• Executive Order No. 62 created the PCTC under the Office of the President and placed it under the control and supervision of the National Police Commission
• Executive Order No. 295 transferred the PCTC from the NAPOLCOM to the Presidential Anti-Organized Crime Commission (PAOCC)
• Executive Order No. 146 amends Executive Order No. 82 by transferring the general supervision and control of the PCTC to the Office of the National Security Adviser
• Executive Order No. 735 placed the PCTC under the control of the Department of Interior and Local Government
• Executive Order No. 35 transferred the control and supervision of PCTC under the Office of the President
• Transnational crimes are crimes that have actual or potential effects across national borders or crimes that are intrastate but offend fundamental values of the international community
• • MARITIME SAFETY or MARSAF function designed to prevent or minimize loss of lives and properties at sea
• Philippine Coast Guard (PCG):

  • Armed and uniformed service primarily enforcing laws within Philippine waters
  • Conducts maritime security operations
  • Safeguards life and property at sea
  • Protects marine environment and resources
  • Attached to the Department of Transportation of the Philippines
  • In times of war declared by Congress, PCG is attached to the Department of National Defense
  • Mandated by RA 9993 to enforce regulations in accordance with relevant maritime international conventions, treaties, or instruments and national laws
• Bureau of Immigration:

  • Also known as the Bureau of Immigration and Deportation
  • Immigration regulatory and control body of the Philippines
  • Responsible for administration and enforcement of immigration, citizenship, and alien admission and regulatory laws
• Philippine Drug Enforcement Agency:

  • Lead anti-drug law enforcement agency
  • Responsible for preventing, investigating, and combating dangerous drugs, controlled precursors, and essential chemicals within the Philippines
  • Governed by Republic Act No. 9165, the Comprehensive Dangerous Drug Act of 2002