Chapter 1 Respiration

Created by

Kah Jun Fong

Cards (45)

What is respiration? break down of food molecules in the presence of oxygen to obtain energy
Name the structure of respiratory system
A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
F)
G)
H)
What is the function of trachea? 
Main passage for oxygen to flow into the lungs surrounded by C-cartilage rings
what are alveoli?
A group of alveolus in a lung
what is the function of lungs?Allow us to breathe in oxygen and breathing out Carbon dioxide 
What is function of Nasal passage/Nastril?
allow air to enter the lungs and filter the pathogens and dust
What is the function of intercostal muscle?
Control the volume of the lung by pulling the rib inwards and upwards
what is the function of diaphragm?
control the volume of the lung by curving and flattening
What is the function of bronchiole?
passage for air to enter the alveolus in the lungs
What is the function of bronchus/bronchi?
The two passage that connects the trachea and the lung allowing air to enter the lung
What is function of alveolus
Respiration is an exothermic reaction
What is difference between Aerobic respiration and anaerobic respiration?
Aerobic respiration occurs with oxygen and releases more energy more slowly while Anaerobic respiration occurs without oxygen and releases less energy quicker.
What is the cell structure for respiration?
Mitochondria
What is the energy required/charged for respiration?
ATP
What is the equation for respiration?
Glucose + Oxygen= Carbon dioxide + ATP
what is the the food pipe and wind pipe in our body?
Esophagus Trachea
what does epiglottis do?
cover the wind pipe when we are eating so food does not go in our wind pipe
What is respiration?
one of the characteristics of living organism
What is the function of larynx?
separate the esophagus and the trachea with a thin sheath of muscle
the voice box contain a vocal cord
vocal cord vibrates to create sound
vocal cord is two band of smooth muscle
what is function of mitochondria?
releases energy for the cell
what is function of chloroplast?
produce energy through photosynthesis and they contain a green substance called chlorophyll which makes the plants green and absorb sunlight
what is function of cell membrane?
it controls what goes in the cell and what goes out
what is the function of cell wall?
it keeps the cell in shape
what is function of cytoplasm?
this is where chemical reactions happen
function of sap vacuole?
store waste substance
function of trachea?
the passage for air to move in and out
what is white blood cell scientific name?
leukocytes
what is red blood cell scientific name?
erythrocytes
what is red blood cell function?
carries oxygen around the body
what is white blood cell function?
determine pathogen
what is component of red blood cell?
45% red blood cell 55% plasma
what is function of plasma?
yellowish liquid that carries water nutrient and waste
oxygen diffuses from the alveolus into the blood capillary and bind with the haemoglobin in the red blood cell
Carbon dioxide diffuses from the blood capillary into the alveolus to be exhaled out of the lungs
one cell thick Easier for gas movement
surrounded by blood capillary maximise gas exchange
has many alveoli increase surface area for gas exchange
a thin film of moisture on its surface easier for oxygen to dissolve
Composition of air
Inhaled
oxygen 21%
nitrogen 78%
carbon dioxide 0.04%
water vapour less saturated
exhaled
oxygen 16%
nitrogen 78%
carbon dioxide 4%
water vapour more saturated
Adaption of red blood cell
small so it can squeeze through narrow capillary
biconcave shape so it can store more oxygen
no nucleus more space for oxygen
no mitochondria prevent from doing respiration
Phagocyte has a lobed nucleus and it engulf or digest pathogen by extending their cytoplasm
Lymphocyte has a secrete Y shape antibody