Nutrition and Digestion 2

• Saliva contains enzymes called amylase and lipase, which begin to break down carbohydrates and fats respectively.
• The digestive system is responsible for breaking down food into nutrients that can be absorbed by the body.
• The tongue helps mix food with saliva and push it towards the throat.
• Food passes through the esophagus into the stomach via peristalsis (muscle contractions).
• Teeth are used to chew and grind food into smaller pieces.
• The esophagus transports food from the mouth to the stomach through peristalsis (muscle contractions).
• The stomach secretes hydrochloric acid and pepsinogen, an enzyme that breaks down proteins into peptides.
• Proteins are for growth and repair of tissues.
• Carbohydrates are for energy production.
• Lipids are for energy storage and insulation.
• Vitamins and minerals are essential nutrients required by the body but not produced by it.
• Water keeps your body hydrated
• A catalyst is a substance that speeds up a chemical reaction.
• An enzyme is a biological catalyst that breaks down food and absorbs nutrients.
• The pH of the stomach is 1, it has a low pH as it contains acids that kill bacteria and allow proteases to work.
• If somebody is not active, eats the same calories as somebody who is, what will be the difference between them?
• What happens when we eat too much fatty foods - cholesterol levels increase which can lead to heart disease.
• What do proteins do?

  Proteins are for growth and repair.
• What is an example of proteins?

  Chicken.
• What does the stomach do with food?

  Food is mixed with stomach acid so that the protein-digesting enzymes have the correct pH to work efficiently.
• What do teeth do to food when we chew?

  Mechanical digestion - breaks down large pieces of food into smaller ones.
• What does the water in the visking tubing practical represent?

  The bloodstream
• What does kJ stand for?

  KiloJoules
• Where was the starch in the visking tubing?

  Inside the visking tubing.
• Where was the glucose in the visking tubing?

  In the water and the visking tubing
• What is A, B, C and D?

  Gallbladder, Rectum, Stomach, Small Intestine

  
• What is perastalsis?