Fatty acids and glycerol

• What bond is formed in lipids between the fatty acids and glycerol?

  Ester bonds (formed by condensation reaction)
• What is the structure of glycerol?

  Three main carbons, each with one or two H's, and everyone with an OH group
• How is a triglyceride formed?

  Through the esterification of glycerol with three fatty acids. (+3H20)
• What does increasing the number of Carbon double bonds in a fatty acid do?

  Decreases melting/boiling temperature
• What does HDL cholesterol do?

  HDL cholesterol removes excess cholesterol from the bloodstream and carries it to the liver for disposal.
• What does LDL cholesterol do?

  Transport cholesterol to cells
• Which cholesterol is often seen as 'bad' cholesterol, and why?

  LDL (low-density lipoprotein) as can lead to the formation of atheroma's
• What is the structure of a phospholipid?

  A phospholipid consists of a hydrophilic head (containing a phosphate group), a glycerol, and two hydrophobic tails (made up of fatty acids)
• What is the role of cholesterol in a cell membrane?

  Fluidity, and holds the bi-layer together
• What's the difference between a triglyceride and a phospholipid?

  Phospholipid has 2 fatty acids

  Triglycerides have 3 fatty acids

  Phospholipids have a phosphate group, triglycerides don't