Definitions of Abnormality

• What is a weakness of using deviation from social norms to classify abnormality?

  Social norms may change over time
• How do social attitudes affect the definition of abnormality?

  They cause norms to change over time
• What was once considered abnormal due to social norms?

  Homosexuality
• What does the change in social norms imply about abnormality?

  It suggests that definitions of abnormality change
• Why is the definition of abnormality based on social norms considered to lack temporal validity?

  It can lead to misdiagnosis over time
• What is a limitation of the deviation from social norms definition regarding culture?

  It is culturally relative and biased
• What did Cochrane (1977) find regarding schizophrenia diagnoses?

  Black people in the UK were diagnosed more
• How does cultural relativity affect the diagnosis of abnormality?

  It can lead to misdiagnosis based on norms
• What defines abnormal behavior according to the failure to function adequately (FFA) definition?

  Inability to cope with everyday life
• What characteristics did Rosenhan and Seligman suggest for FFA?

  Includes irrational behavior and severe distress
• How can clinicians assess daily life coping skills?

  Using the global assessment of functioning (GAF) scale
• What is a strength of the FFA definition in diagnosing disorders?

  It applies to many disorders effectively
• How does OCD illustrate the FFA definition?

  It interferes significantly with daily life
• What is a limitation of the FFA definition illustrated by Harold Shipman?

  Abnormality does not always mean dysfunction
• Who was Harold Shipman?

  A doctor responsible for over 200 deaths
• What does Shipman's case illustrate about the FFA definition?

  People can function adequately despite abnormality
• What are the definitions of abnormality mentioned in the study material?

  Deviation from social norms, FFA, statistical infrequency
• What is statistical infrequency in the context of abnormality?

  Characteristics that are statistically rare are abnormal
• What is the highest peak in a normal distribution graph?

  Mean, median, and mode are located there
• What percentage of the population is considered an anomaly in statistical infrequency?

  2.5% at the extremes
• What is a strength of statistical infrequency as a definition of abnormality?

  It provides an objective way to measure abnormality
• What is a weakness of the statistical infrequency definition?

  It focuses on frequency, not desirability
• What limitation does chronic depression present to the statistical infrequency definition?

  It is common but not considered abnormal
• What are the three definitions of abnormality summarized in the recap?

  Deviation from social norms, FFA, statistical infrequency
• What is self-actualization?

  • Reaching your full potential
• What does "culture bound" mean?

  • Culturally biased
• What questions should you ask yourself regarding self-esteem and personal growth?

  Do you have high self-esteem and personal growth?
• What is the importance of being independent and having an accurate perception of reality?

  It indicates personal growth and self-reliance
• What are the key terms related to abnormality definitions?

  • Deviation from social norms
  • Failure to function adequately
  • Statistical infrequency
  • Deviation from ideal mental health
• What does the definition of depression regard as 'normal'?

  It considers depression not low enough to be abnormal
• What is a limitation of defining depression as 'normal'?

  People with depression may be deprived of treatment
• What are the three definitions of abnormality mentioned in the recap?

  1. Deviation from social norms
  2. Failure to function adequately
  3. Statistical infrequency
• What does self-actualisation mean?

  Reaching your full potential
• What does 'culture bound' refer to?

  Culturally biased perspectives
• What is one question to assess high self-esteem?

  Do you have high self-esteem?
• What does it mean to have an accurate perception of reality?

  Having a realistic view of the world
• What is meant by environmental mastery?

  Can master different environments
• What does personal autonomy refer to?

  Being independent and self-reliant
• How does Jahoda define good mental health?

  By meeting certain characteristics
• What is a strength of Jahoda's definition of ideal mental health?

  It provides a positive approach to abnormality