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Unit 2
The Circulatory System
Blood Vessels
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Cards (24)
What is the process called when a cell bursts due to osmosis?
Cell lysis
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What are the three types of blood vessels and their functions?
Arteries
: Carry blood away from the
heart
Veins
: Carry blood back to the heart
Capillaries
: Allow exchange between blood and
body cells
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What is the direction of blood flow in arteries?
Away from the heart
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Why do arteries have thick walls?
To withstand
high blood pressure
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What type of blood pressure do arteries have?
High
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Do arteries have valves?
No
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What is the lumen diameter of arteries compared to veins?
Relatively small
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What is the direction of blood flow in veins?
Back to the
heart
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Why are veins thinner than arteries?
They have less
muscle
and fewer
elastic fibres
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What type of blood pressure do veins have?
Low
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Do veins have valves?
Yes
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What is the lumen diameter of veins compared to arteries?
Relatively
large
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What is the direction of blood flow in capillaries?
From
arteries
to
veins
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Why are capillaries one cell thick?
To allow
exchange
between blood and cells
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What type of blood pressure do capillaries have?
Low
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What is the lumen diameter of capillaries?
Very small
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What are the exceptions to the usual blood flow in the pulmonary artery and vein?
Pulmonary artery
: Carries
deoxygenated
blood
Pulmonary vein
: Carries oxygenated blood
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What does the renal artery carry more of compared to the renal vein?
More
waste products
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Why does the hepatic portal vein have more oxygen than the hepatic vein?
Due to
respiration
by
liver cells
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What happens to glucose in the liver?
Converted to
glycogen
for storage
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What does the renal vein have less of compared to the renal artery?
Less
oxygen
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What is the role of the kidney in blood composition?
Excretory
and
osmoregulatory
roles
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How does the composition of blood change from the hepatic portal vein to the hepatic vein?
Fewer
dissolved
food molecules in hepatic vein
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How does the composition of blood change from the renal artery to the renal vein?
More
waste products
in renal artery
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