picornaviridae and reovirinidae

• What is the family name of small-sized RNA viruses that includes poliovirus?

  Picornaviridae
• What is the size range of Picornaviridae viruses?

  20-30 nm
• What type of RNA do Picornaviridae viruses have?

  Single-stranded positive-sense RNA
• What is the total size of the RNA in Picornaviridae viruses?

  8.4 kb
• What is the symmetry of Picornaviridae viruses?

  Icosahedral symmetry
• Do Picornaviridae viruses have a lipid envelope?

  No, they are naked virions
• Where do Picornaviridae viruses replicate?

  Cytoplasm
• What diseases are caused by Enterovirus?

  Polio, coxsackie, echoviruses
• What is the common cold virus type in Picornaviridae?

  Rhinovirus
• How many serotypes of Rhinovirus are there?

  120 serotypes
• What virus is associated with Hepatitis A?

  Heparnavirus
• What virus causes Foot and Mouth Disease?

  Aphthovirus
• What are Picornaviridae viruses resistant to?

  Ether, chloroform, and alcohol
• How many serotypes of Human polioviruses are there?

  Three serotypes
• How is poliovirus transmitted?

  Via fecal-oral route
• Who does poliovirus infect?

  Only humans
• What percentage of poliovirus infections are asymptomatic?

  99%
• What is the outcome of paralytic poliomyelitis?

  Muscle weakness and acute flaccid paralysis
• What causes paralysis in paralytic poliomyelitis?

  Destruction of motor neurons
• What type of immunity is developed after poliovirus infection?

  Life-long immunity
• What is the incubation period for inapparent poliovirus infections?

  10-14 days
• What characterizes abortive poliomyelitis?

  Mild febrile illness with recovery
• What are the symptoms of nonparalytic poliomyelitis?

  Aseptic meningitis with fever and headache
• What is the manifestation of paralytic poliomyelitis?

  Flaccid paralysis due to lower motor neuron damage
• What types of samples are used for laboratory diagnosis of polioviruses?

  Stool, throat, CSF, and blood
• What cell cultures are used for poliovirus diagnosis?

  Embryonic kidney and muscle cultures
• What is the Melnik-Opton color test used for?

  Neutralization reaction for poliovirus diagnosis
• What happens if no antibodies are present in the Melnik-Opton color test?

  Cell death occurs, showing red color
• What is the Salk vaccine for polio?

  Inactivated poliovirus vaccine
• Who developed the inactivated polio vaccine?

  Jonas Salk
• What is the Sabin vaccine for polio?

  Oral administered live attenuated vaccine
• What does Pentaxim vaccine contain?

  Inactivated poliovirus and other antigens
• What is the total size of Reoviridae RNA?

  27 kb
• What is the structure of Reoviridae viruses?

  Segmented double-stranded RNA
• What is the symmetry of Reoviridae viruses?

  Icosahedral symmetry
• What disease does Rotavirus cause?

  Gastroenteritis
• How is Rotavirus transmitted?

  Fecal-oral and air route
• What is the main symptom of Rotavirus infection?

  Acute severe diarrhea
• What is the recommended vaccine for Rotavirus?

  Oral live vaccine (Rotarix or RotaTeq)
• What age group is the Rotavirus vaccine recommended for?

  Infants 6 weeks to 24 weeks