P4: Atoms & Isotopes Physics GCSE

Cards (76)

  • What are atoms considered to be?
    Building blocks of all matter
  • What is the radius of an atom?
    1 × 1010-10 m
  • How many atoms can fit across a thumbnail?
    About one hundred million atoms
  • What is located at the center of an atom?
    A tiny, dense nucleus
  • What particles orbit around the nucleus?
    Electrons
  • How does the radius of the nucleus compare to the atom?
    It is over 10,000 times smaller
  • What does the nucleus contain?
    Protons and neutrons
  • What is the charge of protons?
    Positively charged
  • What is the relative atomic mass of protons?
    One unit
  • What is the charge of neutrons?
    No charge
  • What is the relative atomic mass of neutrons?
    One unit
  • What is the mass of electrons compared to protons?
    1/2000 the mass of a proton
  • What are energy levels in an atom?
    Particular distances where electrons orbit
  • How many electrons can occupy the first energy level?
    Two electrons
  • How many electrons can fit in the second energy level?
    Eight electrons
  • What happens to electrons in higher energy levels?
    They are further from the nucleus
  • What does it mean when an atom is ionised?
    It loses electrons
  • How many protons does a Lithium atom have?
    Three protons
  • How many neutrons does a Lithium atom have?
    Four neutrons
  • How many electrons does a Lithium atom have?
    Three electrons
  • What is the atomic number of an element?
    Number of protons in an atom
  • How are elements ordered in the periodic table?
    By their atomic number
  • What is the atomic number of Hydrogen?
    One
  • What is the atomic number of Sodium?
    Eleven
  • What is the atomic number of Uranium?
    Ninety-two
  • What is the mass number of an atom?
    Total number of protons and neutrons
  • If a sodium atom has a mass number of 23 and an atomic number of 11, how many neutrons does it have?
    Twelve neutrons
  • Why are electrons not included in the mass number?
    They have negligible mass compared to protons
  • What is nuclear notation?
    Mass and atomic number with atomic symbol
  • What does the top number in nuclear notation represent?
    Mass number
  • How do you calculate the number of neutrons?
    Mass number - atomic number
  • What does the lower number in nuclear notation represent?
    Atomic number
  • How many protons does a gold atom have?
    Seventy-nine protons
  • How many neutrons does a gold atom have?
    One hundred eighteen neutrons
  • How many electrons does a gold atom have?
    Seventy-nine electrons
  • What are isotopes?
    Atoms with the same protons, different neutrons
  • How many isotopes does Hydrogen have?
    Three isotopes
  • What is the effect of neutrons on chemical properties?
    They do not affect chemical properties
  • Why is chlorine's mass number given as 35.5?
    It has two isotopes with different masses
  • How many neutrons does Chlorine-35 have?
    Eighteen neutrons