STS MIDDLE AGE

• Eyeglasses: Originally intended to be for temporary wear, to correct permanently the focus of the eyes
• Cannon: invented in China sometime during the 12th and 13th centuries, developed for siege and field battles.
• Gun powder: was first use in warfare as an incendiary, or fire-producing, compound.
• Compass: Navigate the Mediterranean waterways led to the development of the compass in medieval Europe.
• Liquor: The first evidence dates on 1200 A.D in ancient greeks and egyptians.
• Mechanical Clock: used to measure and indicate the appropriate time.
• Wind Mills: invented to harness the power of the wind and convert it into a useful form of energy
• Spinning Wheel: were developed in India for various reasons, including the significant role textiles play in Indian culture and economy.
• Paper Money: Traditional Chinese currency, like bronze and silver coins, was heavy and bulky, leading to a shortage and trouble for rich merchants when transporting. Merchants used promissory notes called "jiaozi" to facilitate trade.
• Buttons: were used as ornamental embellishments to a person's attire and it signified wealth or status
• Mechanical Buttress: Consist of an inclined beam carried on a half arch that projects from the walls to a pier that supports the weight and horizontal thrust of a roof, dome, or vault.
• Astrolabe: Astrolabe is a multifunctional device and an astronomical calculator. It serves as elaborate inclinometer, star chart, and physical model of visible heavenly bodies.
• Wheel Burrow: Efficient way to transport more materials by a single person
• Heavy Plough: This increased crop yields tremendously and led to economic growth and the rapid growth of cities and trade — especially in Northern Europe.
• Printing Press: Allows for the mass production of uniform printed matter, mainly text in the form of books, pamphlets and newspapers.
• Trebuchet: Is designed to throw heavy stones to walls to kill enemies and infiltrate territories.
• Stirrup: Helped knights in wars by allowing them to stay on their horses while in combat. Support the rider’s feet while mounting.
• Spindles: • A tool used to spin fibers into yarn or thread, as its origins date back thousands of years.
• Coffee: • A coffee is a drink made from roasted beans.
• Tread Wheel: form of engine typically powered by humans. It may resemble a water wheel in appearance, and can be worked by a human or animal standing inside it
• Hourglass: a tool for timing the passage of time.
• Chimney: invented to improve indoor air quality by efficiently channeling smoke from indoor fires outside.
• Blast Furnace: • It was initially developed for the smelting of iron ore and the production of cast iron.
• Tidal Mills: They were created to harness the energy of tides for milling grain and other mechanical tasks, offering a renewable and consistent power source in areas with tidal movements.
• Armor: The metal coverings formerly worn by soldiers or warriors to protect the body in battle.
• Chainmail: The earliest evidence of chainmail can be found in historical records and artifacts from as early as the 4th century BCE.
• Screw Press: It allowed for more efficient extraction of liquids by utilizing a screw mechanism to apply pressure.
• Flying Buttress: was developed during the Gothic era of architecture, primarily in medieval Europe. The specific time frame is generally considered to be from the 12th to the 16th century.
• The Horsehoe: origin dates back to ancient times, with early prototypes found in Asia and Europe.
• Crank Mechanism: has ancient origins, with evidence of its early use found in the ancient Roman era. It became more prevalent in the medieval Islamic world. By the 12th century, it was further developed and adopted in Europe