Respiration and Diffusion in Exercise

• Effect of larger surface area to volume ratio on diffusion rate

  Faster rate of diffusion, leading to quicker heat loss
• How to calculate surface area and volume

  Surface area: (heightwidth)number of sides; Volume: heightwidthlength
• Surface area to volume ratio

  Describes how big the area of an object takes up in relation to its volume, affecting the rate of diffusion
• Factors affecting the rate of diffusion

  Includes surface area to volume ratio, surface area, distance, temperature, and concentration gradient
• Diffusion


  Net movement of particles from an area of high to low concentration through a partially permeable membrane
• Adaptations of alveoli

  Thin membrane, increased surface area, and good blood supply to facilitate efficient gas exchange
• Breathing rate

  Increases when muscles contract more to meet the increased oxygen demand
• Respiration (aerobic)


  Process of cellular respiration that requires oxygen to produce energy
• Oxygen


  Amount of air that can be forcibly expelled from the lungs after breathing as deeply as possible
• Vital

  Amount of extra O2 required by muscle tissue to oxidize lactic acid and replenish depleted ATP after vigorous exercise
• Tidal volume


  Volume of air inhaled and exhaled with each breath