Section B: Nazi policies towards the young

• What was the aim of Nazi policies towards the young?

  To create proud Germans supporting a strong nation
• Why did the Nazis want young Germans to support the Nazi Party?

  To ensure loyalty to Hitler and Nazi ideals
• What physical attributes were emphasized for boys in Nazi youth policies?

  Strength and health for military service
• What was the primary focus for girls in Nazi youth policies?

  To be strong and healthy fertile mothers
• What happened to youth groups other than the Hitler Youth in 1933?

  They were banned
• What change occurred in 1936 regarding sporting activities for youth?

  They could only participate through the Hitler Youth
• When did participation in the Hitler Youth become compulsory?

  From 1939 for ages 10 to 18
• What were the age groups for boys in the Hitler Youth?

  Pimpfen (6-10), Deutsche Jung Volk (10-14), Hitler Jugend (14-18)
• What type of training did boys receive in the Hitler Youth?

  Political, physical, and military training
• What was the purpose of the oath boys swore in the Hitler Youth?

  To ensure loyalty to Hitler and report disloyalty
• What kind of physical training was included in the Hitler Youth program?

  Camping, hiking, map reading, and rifle shooting
• What specialization could boys pursue by age 14 in the Hitler Youth?

  Naval, flying, or motor sections
• What was the aim of character training in the Hitler Youth?

  To toughen boys through harsh experiences
• What were the age groups for girls in the League of German Maidens?

  Jungmadel (10-14), BDM (14-21)
• What activities did girls in the League of German Maidens participate in?

  Political lectures, camping, and character building
• How did the training for girls differ from that of boys in Nazi youth programs?

  Girls received domestic training instead of military training
• What was the focus of education under the Nazis?

  Creating Nazis rather than academic development
• What law was passed in April 1933 regarding teachers?

  It allowed the sacking of non-conforming teachers
• What was required of all teachers under Nazi rule?

  To swear loyalty to Hitler and join the Nazi Teachers’ League
• What was displayed in all classrooms under the Nazis?

  Nazi posters, flags, and a portrait of Hitler
• How did lessons begin and end in Nazi classrooms?

  With the Nazi salute and saying ‘Heil Hitler’
• How were traditional subjects altered in Nazi education?

  Questions were changed to promote Nazi ideas
• What new subject was introduced in Nazi schools?

  Race Studies emphasizing Aryan superiority
• What was the focus of physical education in Nazi schools by 1939?

  One sixth of the timetable was sport-related
• What subjects were included in the girls' curriculum?

  Domestic science, cooking, and needlework
• What was required of all school textbooks from 1935?

  They had to be approved by the Nazis
• What became a compulsory text in schools?

  Mein Kampf
• What was the focus of history books under Nazi education?

  Portraying the Treaty of Versailles as a betrayal
• What were Napolas established for?

  To train future army, SS, and police officers
• Who taught at Napolas?

  SA and SS members, not regular teachers
• How many Napolas were there by 1939?

  16