The Brain

Cards (195)

  • What is the study of the brain called?
    Neuropsychology
  • According to the text, what is the brain the seat of?
    Consciousness
  • Where do our decisions originate and where do the processes that lead to our feelings and memories take place?
    In the brain
  • According to the text, what is the mind?
    A non-physical collection of thoughts, wishes, memories, feelings
  • What does the Greek word "psyche" mean?
    Mind
  • Why are neuropsychologists interested in the brain?
    Because it seems to shape the mind
  • What is observed when changes occur to the brain?
    Changes in mental states
  • What does the determinist view claim about the brain and the mind?
    Brain biology determines all our thoughts
  • What does the text say about reducing all mental states to brain states?
    It is reductionist
  • What does the text say about our investigation into the brain?
    It is incomplete
  • Approximately how much does the human brain weigh?
    3.3 pounds (1.5 kilograms)
  • What percentage of a human's body weight does the brain make up?
    About 2%
  • Approximately how many nerve cells (neurons) does the brain contain?
    86 billion
  • What are the nerve cells in the brain referred to as?
    Grey matter
  • What are the nerve fibers (axons and dendrites) referred to as?
    White matter
  • What are the connections between neurons called?
    Synapses
  • How has brain imaging technology revolutionised the study of the brain?
    By allowing us to study living brains
  • Why is brain surgery often performed while the patient is awake?
    The brain has no pain receptors
  • What does the CNS stand for?
    Central Nervous System
  • What two parts make up the Central Nervous System?
    The brain and spinal cord
  • What are creatures with a CNS known as?
    Vertebrates
  • Which category includes humans, reptiles, birds, and fish?
    Vertebrates
  • What is the Peripheral Nervous System?
    Nerves stretching from the brain and spinal cord
  • What type of nerves carry information back to the brain as sensations?
    Sensory nerves
  • What type of nerves carry messages from the brain to muscles and glands?
    Motor nerves
  • What are the two halves of the brain called?
    Hemispheres
  • What is the "bridge" of nerve fibers linking the two hemispheres called?
    Corpus callosum
  • What is the function of the corpus callosum?
    To allow the hemispheres to communicate
  • Which classic study featured the corpus callosum?
    Raine et al.
  • What is it called when different sides of the brain have different functions?
    Brain lateralisation
  • Which side of the body does the left hemisphere primarily control?
    The right side
  • Which side of the body does the right hemisphere primarily control?
    The left side
  • Where is the brain's language center located?
    The left hemisphere
  • What functions does the left hemisphere seem to specialize in?
    Reasoning, numbers, abstract thought
  • What functions is the right hemisphere associated with?
    Spatial awareness, musical ability, artistic creativity
  • Which hemisphere do left-handed people use to control their writing hand?
    Right hemisphere
  • Who experimented on patients who had undergone brain surgery that separated their brain hemispheres?
    Roger Sperry
  • What is the complex outer layer of the human brain called?
    The cortex
  • What are the four most important areas of the cortex called?
    Lobes
  • How many lobes are there in total in the human brain?
    Eight