Cell Biology Questions

• State two ways in which a plant cell is different from an animal cell.

  • Plant cells have a rigid cell wall, whereas animal cells do not.
  • Plant cells usually have a permanent vacuole, whereas animal cells do not
  • Plant cells have chloroplasts, whereas animal cells do not.
• Name one structure found in a bacterial cell but not in a plant or animal cell

  Single circular strand of DNA or plasmids
• Are bacteria prokaryotic or eukaryotic organisms?

  Prokaryotic
• • Cell membrane: Holds the cell together and controls what goes in and out.
  • Nucleus: Contains genetic material that controls the activities of the cell.
  • Cytoplasm: Gel-like substance where most of the chemical reactions happen. Contains enzymes that control these reactions.
• Plant cells have chloroplasts.

  What is the main process that happens in chloroplasts?

  Photosynthesis.

  What substance helps chloroplasts to carry out this process by absorbing light?

  Chlorophyll.
• Describe the genetic material found in a bacterial cell.

  The genetic material in a bacterial cell consists of a single circular strand of DNA that floats freely in the cytoplasm.

  They may also have one or more small rings of DNA called plasmids.
• Name one structure that is present in animal cells but generally not present in bacterial cells.

  True nucleus or mitochondria