Culture Bias

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seerat

Cards (11)

Culture Bias:
Critics argue that mainstream psychology has ignored culture as an important influence on human behaviour.
DSM: A Specific Example:
Cross-cultural research in psychology shows that there are substantial variations in depressive experience and disorder.
For example, in some cultures, depression may be experienced largely in somatic terms rather than with sadness and guilt.
Cultural Relativism: Milgram:
In his study, he used a sample of only American males.
He found that 65% of participants administered a full scale of what the participant claimed to be real electric shocks.
However, these results were different in other countries.
Cultural Relativism: Ainsworth:
Conducted in America.
Tested children’s anxiety on separation from their mother.
She found that the ideal attachment type was secure in which the infant displayed moderate levels of anxiety when separated from a primary caregiver.
However, this is not typical across all cultures.
Beta Bias:
When real cultural differences are ignored or minimised and all people are assumed to be the same.
Alpha Bias:
When a theory assumes that cultural groups are profoundly different, recognising these differences must always inform research.
Emic Constructs:
These are specific to a given culture and vary from one culture to another, looking at behaviour from inside cultural systems.
Etic Constructs:
Analyses behaviour from outside the culture, Focusing on the universality of human behaviour across all cultures.
Ethnocentrism:
The term used to describe the belief in the superiority of one’s own ethnic and cultural group. Our cultural perspective is taken as a standard by which we measure other cultures.
Culture:
The beliefs and customs that a group of people share, such as child-rearing practices.
Cultural Relativism:
The term used to describe the belief in the superiority of one’s own ethnic and cultural group. Our own cultural perspective is taken as a standard by which we measure other cultures.