Cognition and Development

• What is piaget theory based on?

  schemas
• How do learning behaviours occur?

  assimilation/accommodation
• What did Howe do?

  Movement of slopes
• What did Howe find?

  Knowledge increased
• What is a strengths to Piaget Theory?

  applications to the real world
• Piaget thinks the child is a…?

  Scientist
• what age is the sensori-motor stage?

  0-2
• what happens at stage 1 of Piaget?

  object permanence
• what age does object permanence occur?

  8 months
• what is object permanence?

  object still exists when it can’t be seen
• What did Piaget use to study object permonance?

  hide toy under cloth
• What was Piaget criticised for?

  Testing ability rather than object permanence
• What is stage one?

  sensori-motor
• what is stage 2?

  pre-opetational
• what age does pre-operational stage occur?

  2-7
• at stage 2 what is a child considered as?

  egocentric
• What did Piaget do to study stage 2?

  what can you see/ what can I see
• what is stage 3?

  concrete operational
• what happens at stage 3?

  concrete facts to make logical conclusions
• what did Piaget study in stage 3?

  Does this have more or this have more?
• what is conservation?

  an object can change properties but still remain consistent
• what does egocentrism mean?

  everyone sees as you do
• at what stage is a child egocentric?

  pre-operational
• at what stage is a child unable to show conversation?

  3
• what is stage 4?

  formal operational
• what age does stage 4 occur?

  11-adulthood
• what is a child able to do at stage 4?

  hold abstract ideas in their heads without seeing concrete insturctions
• what research did Piaget use to investigate systematic reasoning?

  Pendulum problem
• What were the variables in the pendulum problem?

  distance

  length of string

  weight
• what did Hughes find?

  kids can see from different viewpoints
• how does Hughes contradict Piaget?

  found kids as young as 3/12 can be non-egocentric
• what does Vygotsky think development relies on?

  others
• what does MKO stand for?

  more knowledgeable other
• what is meant by the zone of proximal development?


  the gap - between what they know and if they’re challenged
• what is scaffolding?

  supporting a child with resources
• in which order do the steps of scaffolding go in?

  5-1
• Who suggested a step approach to scaffolding?

  Wood
• what did Roazzi and Bryant to ?

  had kids guess how many sweets in a jar
• Is Vygotsky Nature/Nurture?

  Nurture
• What did Biallargeon investigate?

  Violations of expectations