Ao1

• What is the cognitive interview

  A police technique for interviewing witnesses , encouraging them to recreate the context if the situation using four structured stages
• What are the four stages

  context reinstatement

  report everything

  recall from a changed perspective

  recall in reverse order
• What is context reinstatement

  • interviewee need to return to the mind set of the situation
  • encouraged to mentally recreate the environment (including weather,lighting,smells) and how they were feeling
• Why does context reinstatement work

  The mental consistency between the actual accident and recreated situation will increases the likelihood to recall more detail and be more accurate

  appropriate contextual and emotional cues will help them retrieve the memories (linked to context and state dependent forgetting)
• What is Report everything

  Recall every detail about the event even if it seems trivial or irrelevant , do not edit anything out
• Why does report everything work

  Trivial details may trigger other memories and the interviewee doesn't know what is important and what isn’t
• What is Recall from a changed perspective

  • Mentally recreate the situation from other people’s perspective

  e.g describe the event from the viewpoint of another witness
• How does recall everything work

  It disrupts the effects that schemas have on our recall. Avoids the mental shortcuts of what should happen and instead makes the witness think what did happen
• What is recall in reverse order?

  Describing the events in reverse order
• How does recall in reverse order work?

  Prevents the use of schemas as well as it prevents dishonesty as it is much harder to provide an untruthful account if its in reverse order