Activities

• Agglutination refers to the clumping of cells due to antigen-antibody reaction
• types of agglutination reaction; if agglutination involves red blood cells, then it is called hemagglutination
• sensitization or initial binding, which depends on the nature of the antibody and the antigen-bearing surface
• lattice formation, which is governed by such factors as pH, ionic strength, and temperature.
• Hemolysis refers to destruction of red cells with subsequent release of hemoglobin to the surrounding medium.
• No Hemolysis: intact cell button with clear supernatant
• Partial Hemolysis: presence of cell button with pink supernatant.
• Complete Hemolysis: absence of cell button with red supernatant.
• Reverse grouping (back type) is defined as detecting ABO antibodies in the patient’s serum by using known reagent RBCs, namely A1 and B cells
• Agglutination in B and AB cells and no agglutination in A cells demonstrates the presence of anti-B in the serum.
• Agglutination in A and AB cells and no agglutination in B cells demonstrates the presence of anti-A in the serum
• Agglutination in A, B and AB cells, demonstrates the presence of anti-A and anti-B in the serum.