2 - Simple Plant Tissues
Cards (8)
- Types of plant tissues:
- Simple tissue: 1 type
- Complex tissue: more than one type
- Tissue systems:
- Ground tissue system:
- Simple, parenchyma, cortex, pith
- Dermal tissue system:
- Epidermis, cork layer, covering, protection, bark
- Vascular tissue system:
- Xylem, phloem, transport
- Parenchyma:
- Most common
- Support for young parts
- Thin primary walls; no secondary walls
- Isodiametric or polyhedral
- Max of 14 sites
- Abundant and large intercellular spaces
- Ability to divide (regeneration)
- Types according to function: Synthetic, Structural, Boundary, Transport
- Types of Parenchyma:
- Synthetic: Photosynthetic - ATP production
- Structural: Aerenchyma
- Boundary: Epidermis - Boundary with environment, hydrophobic cuticle
- Boundary: Endodermis - Last layer before vascular tissue, only in root, transport of water and solute, Casparian strip, apoplastic route, symplastic route
- Transport: Sieve elements
- Storage tissues:
- Store: Starch, Protein, Oil, Water
- Collenchyma:
- Support for young parts
- Beneath epidermis
- Primary growth
- Axially elongated
- Irregularly thickened 1-degree wall
- Layered
- Plastic; rigid
- Support and stretch
- 4 types: Angular, Lamellar, Lacunar, Annular
- Sclerenchyma:
- Support for mature parts
- Thickened secondary walls
- Lignified
- Dead at maturity
- Mechanical support near perimeter
- Types: Fibers, Sclereids
- Types of Sclerenchyma:
- Fibers: Long spindle, thick secondary strands, Support in non-elongating parts, Simple or slightly bordered pits
- Sclereids: Short, strongly lignified, More isodiametric than fibers
- Types: Brachysclereids (stone cells), Macrosclereids, Osteosclereids