Chapter 3

avatar
Created by
Reagan

Cards (20)

  • an aqueous solution is a
    solution for which water is the solvent
  • Avogadro’s number (NA) is the experimentally determined value of the number of entities comprising 1 mole of substance, equal to 6.022 × 1023 mol−1
  • concentrated is a qualitative term for a solution containing solute at a relatively high concentration
  • concentration is the quantitative measure of the relative amounts of solute and solvent present in a solution
  • dilute is a qualitative term for a solution containing solute at a relatively low concentration
  • dilution is the process of adding solvent to a solution in order to lower the concentration of solutes
  • dissolved describes the process by which solute components are dispersed in a solvent
  • The empirical formula mass is the sum of average atomic masses for all atoms represented in an empirical formula
  • formula mass is the sum of the average masses for all atoms represented in a chemical formula; for covalent compounds, this is also the molecular mass
  • mass percentage is the ratio of solute-to-solution mass expressed as a percentage
  • mass-volume percent is the ratio of solute mass to solution volume, expressed as a percentage
  • molar mass is the mass in grams of 1 mole of a substance
  • molarity (M) is the unit of concentration, defined as the number of moles of solute dissolved in 1 liter of solution
  • the mole is the amount of substance containing the same number of atoms, molecules, ions, or other entities as the number of atoms in exactly 12 grams of 12C
  • parts per billion (ppb) is the ratio of solute-to-solution mass multiplied by 109
  • parts per million (ppm) is the ratio of solute-to-solution mass multiplied by 106
  • percent composition is the percentage by mass of the various elements in a compound
  • a solute is a solution component present in a concentration less than that of the solvent
  • a solvent is a solution component present in a concentration that is higher relative to other components
  • volume percentage is the ratio of solute-to-solution volume expressed as a percentage