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Exam 2
Quiz 2
The Rh Blood Group System - Genetics and Nomenclature
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The Rh Blood Group System
one of the most
antigenic
blood group systems
second
only to
ABO
in importance in
transfusion
medicine
well-known cause of
hemolytic disease of the fetus and newborn
(
HDFN
)
The Rh Blood Group System
the principle antigen is D: Rh
positive
and Rh
negative
refer to the
presence
or
absense
of the D antigen
Genes
The Rh system is composed of
2
genes that encode for polypeptides that are responsible for the expression of
55
antigens
the 2 genes that encode the Rh proteins are
RHD
and
RHCE
RHD
encodes the
D antigen
RHCE
encodes the
CE antigens
in various combinations:
ce
,
cE,
or
CE
RHCE and RHD genes
RHD encodes
the
D
antigen (no little d)
the possible antigens are
D
,
C
,
c
,
E
,
e
Fischer and Race
Rh positive combinations:
Dce
,
DcE
,
Dce
,
DCE
Fisher and Race
Rh negative combinations:
dce(f
),
dCe
,
dcE
,
dCE
Weiner Terminology
a
modified
version is used today to convey the a
haplotype
( a combination of several
alleles
in a
gene
cluster)
1940: Landsteiner and Weiner
injected rhesus monkeys blood into rabbits and guinea pigs and looked at serum produced
serum agglutinated
85
% of human red cells
noticed this
anti-rhesus
activity paralleled reaction of mom's blood
anti-rhesus was changed to
Rh
in 1941, Levine's group showed
erythroblastosis fetalis
(
HDN
) was the result of
Rh
group incompatibility between mother and child