Reproduction in plants

• Pollination is the transfer of pollen grains from the anther to the stigma of a flower
• Petals are bright coloured to attract insects
• Sepal protects the flower while in bud
• Petiole/stalk supports the flower to make it easily seen by insects and be able to withstand wind
• Nectary produces nectar to attract insects
• Carpel (female parts of the flower):

  • Stigma is a sticky surface for pollen tubes to grow
  • Ovary contains ovules which develop into seeds when fertilised
  • Style joins the stigma & ovary for pollen tubes to grow
• Stamen (male parts of the flower):

  • Anther contains pollen sacs which produce pollen grains
  • Filament supports the anther
• Self pollination in flowers is the transfer of pollen grains from the anther to the stigma of the same flower
• Cross pollination is the transfer of pollen grains from one plant to a different plant of the same species