M2

• NUTRIX / " NUTRICIUS" = nursing
• traditional role of nursing

  • HUMANISTIC CARING 
  • NURTURING 
  • COMFORTING 
  • SUPPORTING 
• INTUITIVE = Perception of knowledge that is pure, instinctive & untaught 
• nursing in ANCIENT TIMES = beliefs that disease were embedded on superstition and magic 
• nursing in the NEAR EAST = Nomadic > agrarian > urban community life 
• BABYLONIA CODE OF HAMMURABI = earliest documentation of law governing the practice of medicine 
• EGYPT = Art of embalming 
• MOSES = Father of Sanitation 
• CHINA = 1st knowledge of materia medica – pharmacology 
• INDIA = Hospitals use intuitive form of asepsis – disinfection / alcohol 
• INDIA = Male nurses were required to have 4 

  • Knowledge 
  • Cleverness 
  • Devotedness 
  • Purity of mind & body 
• • ASKLEPIOS – greek god ; chief healer 
  • EPIGONE – wife of aklepios ; soother 
  • HYGERIA – daughter ; goddess of health & embodiment of the nurse 
• HIPPOCRATES = Father of Scientific Medicine
• FABIOLA = gave service to the less fortunate mem of the Roman society to repent her sins ; 1st hospital in the christian world
• DARK PERIOD of nursing =

  • closing of hundreds of hospitals 
  • Nurses are DREGS of society 
  • nurses took bribes, alcohol, untrained
• COMMUNITY OF SISTERS OF CHARITY = were dedicated to doing God’s work in nursing the sick,the poor, the orphaned and the widowed 
• JOHN HOWARD = prison reformer
• MOTHER MARY AIKENHAND = Established Irish Sister of Charity 
• period of EDUCATED nursing = june 15 1860
• 20TH CENTURY = FIRST DECADE

  “mushrooming” of nursing schools and hospitals 
• 1950 = Revision of the Nursing Code of Ethics
• COLONEL TUCKER =

  • Developed comprehensive 1 yr course = produce aerospace nurses at Cape, Kennedy 
  • Health is a fundamental human law right  
• HOSPITAL REAL DE MANILA – 1571 / 1577 

  • Founded: Gov. Francisco de Sande 
  • Mainly for the Spanish King's soldier & spanish civilians 
• SAN LAZARO HOSPITAL – 1577 

  • Founded: Br. Juan Clemente 
  • Administered by the HOSPITALLIERS OF SAN JUAN DE DIOS 
  • Exclusively for leprosy patients 
• HOSPITAL DE INDIOS – 1586 

  • Founded: Franciscan order 
  • Supported by alms & contributions from charitable persons 
• HOSPITAL DE AGUAS SANTAS – 1590 

  • Founded: Br. J. Bautista of the Franciscan Order 
  • In Laguna – near medical spring 
• SAN JUAN DE DIOS HOSPITAL – 1596 

  • Founded: Brotherhood of Misericordia 
  • Administered by HOSPITALLIERS OF SAN JUAN DE DIOS