1.4 Data types, data structures, and algorithms

• A primitive data type is a basic data type provided by the programming language.
• Casting is when one data type is converted into another.
• de Morgan's law:

  ¬(AvB) = ¬A ^ ¬B

  If you expand the brackets, the sign flips.
• Distributive rule:

  X ^ (Y v Z) = (X ^ Y) v (X ^ Z)
• Absorption rule:

  X v (X ^ Y) = X
• Associative rule:

  X v (Y v Z) = (X v Y) v Z

  X ^ (Y ^ Z) = (X ^ Y) ^ Z