Architecture

• Architecture

  Is in the fields of science and art
• Contemporary architecture

  Related to environment planning, space planning, landscape architecture, interior designing, urban design
• Size

  Relates the structure and its parts to human beings who occupy the space
• Scale

  Relates to the proportion of an object or space to all other objects in it, and also to humans and their activities held in a structure
• Emphasis

  Where the major and minor elements are determined in a structural design
• Pattern and ornament

  Give artistic surfaces designed by the architectural limits, edges, corners
• Materials in architecture

  • Classic : wood, stone, brick
  • Modern : cast-iron, structural steel, reinforced concrete
• Structural devices

  They are used to enclose space in architecture. They influence the space they enclose
• Post and Lintel

  Consists of two vertical supports and bridged by horizontal beam
• Cantever

  Horizontal extension of a beam or a slabin to space beyond its supporting post
• Truss system

  • Uses geometric fact that no angle of triangle can be changed without altering the dimensions of its size.
  • A system of triangles arranged to work like beam or lintel
• Arch

  • Curved part of a structure that is over an opening and that supports a wall or other weight above the opening.
  • Supports bridges and viaducts
• Dome

  A large rounded roof or ceiling that is shaped like half a ball
• Shell structures

  Uses reinforced concrete and superior mathematical tools for calculating stresses and the strength of materials.
• Biomorphic architecture

  Designed with patterns or shapes inspired by living organisms
• Environmental-friendly architecture

  When artist makes use of their creative work to promote environmental awareness
• Skyscrapers

  Immensely tall buildings found in very populated cities all over the globe