Secondary effects

• Lahars: Mudflows, which occur when heavy rainfall causes ash and other debris to be washed down the volcano's slopes, destroying everything in their path. Mudflows cause loads more destruction, deaths and injuries
• Landslides: Violent eruptions trigger landslides on the slopes of volcanoes
• Sulphur dioxide: emitted during an eruption causing respiratory problems
• Acid Raid: When sulphur dioxide mixes with rainwater it forms acid rain, which damages vegetation
• Fires are started by lava flows and pyroclastic flows, which then spread
• People may suffer psychological problems if they knew people who died or if they lose their home etc
• People are left homeless.
• There's a shortage of clean water
• There's a shortage of food because crops are damaged
• Roads are blocked or destroyed so aid and emergency vehicles can't get through
• Businesses are damaged or destroyed, causing unemployment