Memory L2: the MSM and AO3s

• What is the sensory register in memory?

  Memory stores for each of our 5 senses
• How is coding in the sensory register described?

  Coding is modality specific, depends on the sense
• What is the iconic store related to?

  Visual information
• What is the echoic store related to?

  Acoustic information
• What is the capacity of the sensory register?

  Huge
• How long does information last in the sensory register?

  Less than half a second
• What does the Multistore Model (MSM) represent?

  How memory works with different stores
• What are the components of the MSM?

  Sensory register, STM, and LTM
• What does the MSM describe about information transfer?

  How information is transferred between stores
• What is the role of attention in memory?

  Key process to pass information further
• What is short-term memory (STM)?

  A temporary limited capacity store
• How is information coded in STM?

  Acoustically
• How long does information last in STM without rehearsal?

  18 seconds
• What is the typical capacity of STM?

  Between 5 and 9 items
• What is maintenance rehearsal?

  Repeating material to keep it in STM
• What happens if information in STM is rehearsed long enough?

  It is passed into LTM
• What is long-term memory (LTM)?

  Potentially permanent memory store
• How is information coded in LTM?

  Semantically (by meaning)
• What is the duration of LTM according to Bahrick et al's study?

  Up to a lifetime
• What did Bahrick et al's study show about LTM?

  Recognition of names and faces after 50 years
• What is the capacity of LTM?

  Unlimited
• How is information retrieved from LTM?

  Transferred to STM via retrieval
• What is a strength of the MSM?

  Research support shows STM and LTM differ
• What did Baddeley find in 1966 regarding STM and LTM?

  We mix up similar sounding words in STM
• What is a limitation of the MSM regarding stimuli used in studies?

  Studies used artificial stimuli, not meaningful
• What did Peterson and Peterson's study reveal about MSM?

  Used consonant syllables with no meaning
• What evidence suggests more than one STM store?

  KF had different STM for digits read aloud
• What did Shallice and Warrington's study suggest about STM?

  There could be another store for nonverbal sounds
• What did Craik and Watkins find about rehearsal?

  Type of rehearsal is more important than amount
• What is elaborative rehearsal?

  Linking information to existing knowledge
• What does the MSM fail to explain about LTM transfer?

  How long-term storage is achieved without prolonged rehearsal