In 1947, Nelson Mandela became secretary of the ANCYL and was arrested after the Defiance Campaign in 1952.
Mandela was only given a suspended sentence, but was banned from attending public meetings and prevented from leaving Johannesburg.
In 11952, Mandela set up the first black law firm in Johannesburg with Oliver Tambo.
In December 1956, Mandela was arrested without warning and became one of the defendants of the treason trial. This dragged on till 1961, when all defendants were found not guilty.
Mandela was arrested again in 1962 and was then implicated in MK attacks, leading to the Rivonia Trial. This time he was charged with sabotage and violence.
Mandela admitted planning acts of violence and was sentenced to life imprisonment in solitary confinement in a room seven feet square on Robben Island.