CERVICAL SPINE AND THORAX

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Created by
Sarah

Cards (21)

  • ILIOCOSTALIS THORACIS
    O: COMMON ORIGIN ->
    • Iliac crest
    • Sacrum
    • Spinous process of T11 - L5 and supraspinous ligaments
    R: Up and out via slips
    I: Upper 6 ribs and transverse process of C7
    A: ->
    • UNILATERAL ACTION: Ipsilateral side flexion/rotation
    • BILATERAL ACTION: Trunk/neck extension
    NS: Adjacent posterior primary rami
  • ILIOCOSTALIS CERVICIS
    O: COMMON ORIGIN:
    • Iliac crest and tuberosity
    • Sacrum
    • Spinous process of T11-L5 and supraspinous ligaments
    R: Up and out via slips
    I: Posterior tubercles of the transverse processes C4-C7
    A: ->
    • UNILATERAL ACTION: Ipsilateral side flexion/rotation
    • BILATERAL ACTION: Trunk/neck extension
    NS: Adjacent posterior primary rami
  • LONGISSUMUS CERVICIS
    O: Transverse processes T1-T6
    R: Upwards and outwards
    I: Posterior tubercles of transverse processes C2-C6
    A: ->
    • UNILATERAL ACTION: Ipsilateral side flexion/rotation
    • BILATERAL ACTION: Trunk/neck extension
    NS: Adjacent posterior primary rami
  • LONGISSIMUS CAPITIS
    O: Transverse processes of T1-T5 and articular processes of C4-C7
    R: Upwards and outwards
    I: Posterior aspect of mastoid process
    A: ->
    • UNILATERAL ACTION: Ipsilateral side flexion/rotation
    • BILATERAL ACTION: Trunk/neck extension
    NS: Adjacent posterior primary rami
  • SPINALIS CERVICIS AND CAPITIS
    O: ->
    • GENERAL: Spinous process to spinous process (Spinalis Thoracis T11-T12)
    • Poorly developed and frequently blends with other muscles
    R: Upwards
    I: Poorly developed and frequently blends with other muscles (Spinalis thoracis T1-T6)
    A: ->
    • UNILATERAL ACTION: Ipsilateral side flexion/rotation
    • BILATERAL ACTION: Trunk extension
    NS: Adjacent posterior primary rami
  • SEMISPINALIS CERVICIS
    O: Transverse process T1-T6
    R: Upwards and Inwards
    I: Spinous process C1-C6
    A: ->
    • UNILATERAL ACTION: Contralateral rotation
    • BILATERAL ACTION: Trunk extension
    NS: Adjacent posterior primary rami
  • SEMISPINALIS CAPITIS
    O: ->
    • Transverse process T1-T6
    • Articular process of C4-C7
    R: Upwards and Inwards
    I: Medial impression between the superior and inferior nuchal lines on base of skull
    A: ->
    • UNILATERAL ACTION: Contralateral rotation
    • BILATERAL ACTION: Trunk extension
    NS: Adjacent posterior primary rami
  • LONGUS COLLI - Thin strap like muscle running vertically on the anterior aspect of the cervical spine (behind trachea)
    3 SECTIONS ->
    O&I:
    • UPPER SECTION: From transverse processes TO anterior tubercle of atlas
    • MIDDLE SECTION: From vertebral bodies below TO vertebral bodies above
    • LOWER SECTION: From vertebral bodies below TO transverse processes above
    A: ->
    • BILATERAL ACTION: Neck flexion
    NS: Ventral rami C3-C6
  • LONGUS CAPITIS - Thin strap like muscle running vertically on anterior aspect of cervical spine (behind trachea)
    O: Transverse processes
    R: Upwards and medially
    I: Anterolateral occipital bone
    A: ->
    • BILATERAL ACTION: Neck flexion
    NS: Ventral rami C1-3 (4)
  • SCALENES
    O: COMMON ORIGIN -> Transverse processes of the cervical spine
    R: Downwards and laterally
    I: ->
    • ANTERIOR AND MIDDLE: 1st rib
    • POSTERIOR: 2nd rib
    A: ->
    • All 3 assist with respiration
    ANTERIOR:
    • BILATERAL ACTION: Neck flexion
    • UNILATERAL ACTION: Ipsilateral lateral flexion and contralateral rotation
    MIDDLE AND POSTERIOR:
    • UNILATERAL ACTION: Ipsilateral lateral flexion
    NS: Ventral rami cervical spine (C3-C8)
  • STERNOCLEIDOMASTOID
    O: ->
    TWO HEADS:
    • STERNAL HEAD: Upper surface of manubrium
    • CLAVICULAR HEAD: Upper surface medial 1/3 clavicle
    R: Upwards
    I: Mastoid process of skull
    A: ->
    • Assists with respiration
    • BILATERAL ACTION: Neck flexion (posterior fibres may also extend head on neck at AO joint
    • UNILATERAL ACTION: Ipsilateral flexion and contralateral rotation
    NS: ->
    • MOTOR: Spinal part of accessory nerve (Cranial nerve 11)
    • SENSORY: Ventral rami C2, C3
  • SUBOCCIPITAL MUSCLES
    1. RECTUS CAPITIS POSTERIOR MINOR
    • O&I: From C1 to skull
    2. RECTUS CAPITIS POSTERIOR MAJOR
    • O&I: From C2 to skull
    3. OBLIQUUS CAPITIS SUPERIOR
    • O&I: From transverse process of C1 to skull
    4. OBLIQUUS CAPITIS INFERIOR
    • O&I: From spinous process of C2 to transverse process of C1
    A: ->
    • IPSILATERAL ACTION: Rotation
    • BILATERAL ACTION: Extend head on neck
    NS: Dorsal rami of C1
  • SPLENIUS CERVICIS
    O: Spinous processes of T3-T6
    R: Upwards
    I: Transverse processes of C1-C4
    A: ->
    • BILATERAL ACTION: Neck extension
    • UNILATERAL ACTION: Ipsilateral lateral flexion and rotation
    NS: Dorsal rami C5, C6, C7
  • SPLENIUS CAPITIS
    O: ->
    • Spinous processes (T4-C7)
    • Lower half of ligamentum nuchae
    R: Upwards
    I: ->
    • Mastoid process
    • Lateral 1/3 of superior nuchal line
    A: ->
    • BILATERAL ACTION: Neck extension
    • UNILATERAL ACTION: Ipsilateral lateral flexion and rotation
    NS: Dorsal rami C3, C4, C5
  • ILIOCOSTALIS LUMBORUM
    O: ->
    • Iliac crest and tuberosity
    • Sacrum
    • Spinous process of T11-L5 and supraspinous ligament
    R: Upwards and outwards via slips
    I: Inferior border of lower 6 ribs
    A: ->
    • UNILATERAL ACTION: Ipsilateral side flexion/rotation
    • BILATERAL ACTION: Trunk extension
    NS: -> Adjacent posterior primary rami
  • LONGISSIMUS THORACIS
    O: ->
    • Transverse processes of lumbar vertebrae
    • Adjacent fascia
    R: Upwards and outwards
    I: ->
    • Transverse processes of all 12 Thoracic vertebra
    • Lower 10 ribs
    A: ->
    • UNILATERAL ACTION: Ipsilateral side flexion/rotation
    • BILATERAL ACTION: Trunk extension
    NS: Adjacent posterior primary rami
  • SPINALIS THORACIS
    O: Spinous processes of T11-T12
    R: Upwards
    I: Spinous processes of T1-T6
    A: ->
    UNILATERAL ACTION: Ipsilateral side flexion/rotation
    BILATERAL ACTION: Trunk extension
    NS: Adjacent posterior primary rami
  • SEMISPINALIS THORACIS
    O: Transverse process of lower thoracic vertebrae T6-T10
    R: Upwards and inwards
    I: Spinous processes C6-T2
    A: ->
    UNILATERAL ACTION: Contralateral rotation
    BILATERAL ACTION: Trunk extension
    NS: Adjacent posterior primary rami
  • MULTIFIDUS
    O: ->
    • Sacrum
    • Fascia overlying erector spinae
    • Transverse processes
    R: Upwards and inwards
    I: All spinous processes C2-L5. Fibres span 1-4 vertebrae
    • DEEPEST LAYER: Vertebra immediately above
    • MIDDLE LAYER: Vertebra 2 or 3 above
    • SUPERFICIAL LAYER: Vertebra 3 or 4 above
    A: ->
    • UNILATERAL ACTION: Contralateral rotation
    • BILATERAL ACTION: Trunk extension
    • Stabilisation
    NS: Adjacent posterior primary rami
  • ROTATORES BREVIS
    O: Transverse processes of T2-T12
    R: Upwards and inwards
    I: Laminae 1-2 levels above insertion
    A: ->
    • UNILATERAL ACTION: Contralateral rotation
    • BILATERAL ACTION: Trunk extension
    • Stabilisation
    NS: Adjacent posterior primary rami
  • ROTATORES LONGUS
    O: Transverse processes of thoracic vertebra
    R: Upwards and inwards
    I: Laminae 1-2 levels above insertion
    A: ->
    • UNILATERAL ACTION: Contralateral rotation
    • BILATERAL ACTION: Trunk extension
    • Stabilisation
    NS: Adjacent posterior primary rami