Mapeh

• Islamic Community in the Philippines consists of ethno-linguistic groups:
• Maguindanao of Cotabato
• Maranao of Lanao and Cotabato
• Samal and Jama Mapun of the Sulu Islands of Sibutu and Cagayan De Sulu
• Tausug of the Sulu Islands of Jolo, Siasi, and Tawi-Tawi
• Yakan of Basilan and Zamboanga
• Similarities exist in some vocal styles within the large society, but theoretical concepts, functions, aesthetics, and repertoires differ from culture to culture belonging to one language group
• Moro/Islamic Music includes:
• Chants: lyrical rendition of different improvised text
• Yakans chant through solo and counter or group singing

  • Lugu: chants used in reading the Qur'an and other Islamic books
  • Kalangan: songs for serenading loved ones
  • Sa-il/Lunsey: important chant sung by the wife-to-be during the ceremony talking about married life
• Maranaos have an extensive vocal repertoire

  • Dikker: sacred songs with Qur'an quotations
  • Bayok: term for lyrical rendition of different improvised text
  • Bayok: traditionally performed during wedding rites with singers extemporizing allusions and double meanings
• Lullaby: chant-style or chant formula used in rocking a baby to sleep
• Ya-ya: Yakan song to put the baby to sleep, sung in a relax/slow manner while rocking the baby

  • Bayok: Maranao term for lullaby
• Most prestigious local form of vocal expression is reading the Qur'an, heard during specific occasions
• Non-Islamic Music includes:
• Migrants/Christians who brought their own culture to Mindanao
• Christian Music:

  • GSK (Gagmay ng Simbahanong Katilingbang/Basic Ecclesial Community) songs by Monsignor Rudy Villanueva, Narcisa Fernandez, and Fr. Jose Maghinay
  • Liturgical Music by Fr. Lhem Naval heavily influenced by the Jesuits
  • Chavacano Music in Christian Zamboanga has flourished
• El Galina Capituda is a Chavacano song meaning "My Smart Hen"
• Lumad: collective term for indigenous people from Mindanao
• Out of 6.5 million indigenous people in the Philippines, there are an estimated 2.1 million Lumads in Mindanao
• Known as Non-Muslim and Non-Christians, their cultural developments appear to be toward the Muslim groups
• Language is the only differentiating element in ethnic cultures, especially among those occupying adjacent and contiguous territory