Protein synthesis

• protein synthesis is the process of reading the instructions in DNA to make a protein
• DNA to RNA is Transcription
• RNA to protein is translation
• mRNA copies DNA and carries to ribosome using cytoplasm
• tRNA carries amino acids to ribosomes and mRNA
• Transcription carries the code out of the nucleus
• Transcription step 1 is to unzip gene that needs to be copied
• Transcription step 2 is to use complementary base pairing rules
• Transcription step 3 is to release the completed mRNA molecule
• Transcription step 4, DNA zips back up and mRNA leaves nucleus
• Genetic code is the code of instructions for how to make proteins
• Codon is a set of 3 nucleotides on the mRNA
• Anticodon is a sequence of three bases on tRNA that matches with codons on mRNA
• Amino acids is the monomer for protiens, held together by peptide bonds
• Translation follows the instructions carried on mRNA to make a protein
• Translation step 1, mRNA attaches to a ribosome
• Translation step 2, Ribosome reads th mRNA codon
• Translation step 3, tRNA pick up and drop off amino acids that match the codon
• Translation step 4, Ribosomes bind together amino acids using peptide bonds
• translation step 5, once stop codon is reached the ribosome released the completed protein