HEAD AND NECK ASSESSMENT ( NSG 101 LEC )

• ANATOMY OVERVIEW:

  • WHAT IS THE FRAMEWORK OF THE HEAD

  SKULL
• ANATOMY OVERVIEW:

  • IT IS COMPOSED OF MUSCLES LIGAMENTS AND CERVICAL VERTEBRAE. WHAT IT IS ?

  STRUCTURE OF THE NECK
• ANATOMY OVERVIEW:

  • WHAT IS THE LARGEST ENDOCRINE GLAND IN THE BODY?

  THYROID GLAND
• HEAD INSPECTION : IS THIS NORMAL OR ABNORMAL AND WHAT IS THIS CONDITION CALLED ?

  NORMOCEPHALIC - ALL MAJOR ORGANS OF THE HEAD ARE ALL IN NORMAL CONDITION.

  
• HEAD INSPECTION SIZE: IS THIS A NORMAL FINGINGS OR A ABNORMAL FINDINGS ? AND WHAT CONDITION IS THIS ?

  ABNORMAL FINDINGS MICROCEPHALY - A BIRTH DEFECTS WHERE THE SIZE OF THE HEAD OF THE BABY IS SMALLER THAN EXPECTED

  
• HEAD INSPECTION SIZE: IS THIS A NORMAL FINDINGS OR A ABNORMAL FINDINGS ? IDENTIFY WHAT CONDITION IS THIS ?

  ABNORMAL FINDINGS MACROCEPHALY - LARGE HEAD SIZE, IT CAN BE A RESULT OF VARIOUS CONDITIONS, GENETIC FACTORS, OR MEDICAL ISSUES.

  
• HEAD INSPECTION SYMMETRY: IS THIS NORMAL OR ABNORMAL ? IDENTIFY IF THIS IS SYMMETRICAL OR ASYMMETRIC?

  NORMAL SYMMETRICAL - A BALANCED PROPORTIONS AND EVENNESS ON BOTH SIDES OF THE HEAD.

  
• HEAD INSPECTION SYMMETRY: IDENTIFY IF IT IS NORMAL OR ABNORMAL FINDINGS ?

  ASYMMETRIC A ABNORMAL FINDINGS - A UNEVEN OR A NOT EQUAL. HINDI PANTAY NA SHAPE NG MUKHA

  
• HEAD INSPECTION POSITION: IDENTIFY WHAT CONDITION IS THIS ?

  TORTICOLLIS - IS A CONDITION IN WHICH THE HEAD IS TILTED TOWARD ONE SIDE, AND THE CHIN IS ELEVATED AND TURNED TOWARD THE OPPOSITE SIDE.

  
• HEAD INSPECTION POSITION: IDENTIFY THE NORMAL AND ABNORMAL.

  • A. UPRIGHT
  • B. TILTED TO ONE SIDE

  UPRIGHT - NORMAL

  TILTED TO 1 SIDE - ABNORMAL ( TORTICOLLIS )
• SKULL PALPATION TEXTURE: IS HARD AND SMOOTH TEXTURE OF THE SKULL, NORMAL OR ABNORMAL ?

  NORMAL
• SKULL PALPATION TEXTURE: IS LUMPS, TENDERNESS OF THE SKULL, NORMAL OR ABNORMAL ?

  ABNORMAL
• SKULL PALPATION: IDENTIFY THE CONDITION AND SPECIFY IT IF ITS NORMAL OR ABNORMAL.

  NORMAL TEMPOROMANDIBULAR JOINT - 3-6 CM VERTICAL RANGE W/ OPEN MOUTH ( SNAPPING OR POPPING COMMON )

  
• SKULL PALPATION: IDENTIFY IF ITS NORMAL OR ABNORMAL AND SPECIFY WHAT CONDITION IS THIS ?

  PAROTITIS A ABNORMAL TEMPOROMANDIBULAR JOINT - PAIN, SWELLING, CREPITUS, RESTRICTED MOTION, DEVIATION TO ONE SIDE UPON OPENING THE MOUTH.

  
• SKULL PALPATION: CRANIAL NERVE VII ( MOTOR FUNCTION )

  ASK PT TO SMILE, FROWN, RAISE EYEBROWS, SHOW UPPER/LOWER TEETH, KEEP EYES TIGHTLY CLOSED WHILE YOU TYR TO OPEN THEM
• SKULL INSPECTION AND PALPATION: IDENTIFY IF ITS NORMAL OR ABNORMAL ?

  • A SYMMETRICAL STRENGHT AND MOVEMENT OF FACIAL MUSCLES.

  NORMAL
• SKULL INSPECTION AND PALPATION: IDENTIFY IF ITS NORMAL OR ABNORMAL AND WHAT CONDITION IS THIS ?

  BELL'S PALSY A ABNORMAL - LOSS OF OR ASYMMETRICAL MOVEMENT; MUSCLE WEAKNESS SUGGESTED LOSS OF NASOLABIAL FOLD, DROOPING OF SIDE OF FACE OR DROOPING OF LOWER LID ( BELL'S PALSY )

  
• SKULL INSPECTION AND PALPATION: CRANIAL NERVE V - TRIGEMINAL NERVE ( MOTOR FUNCTION )

  > IDENTIFY IF ITS NORMAL OR ABNORMAL

  • SYMMETRICAL JAW MOVEMENT; EQUAL MUSCLE STRENGHT OF THE JAW SUFFICIENT ENOUGH TO PREVENT EXAMINER FROM SEPARATING JAW.

  NORMAL
• SKULL INSPECTION AND PALPATION: CRANIAL NERVE V - TRIGEMINAL NERVE ( MOTOR FUNCTION )

  > IDENTIFY IF ITS NORMAL OR ABNORMAL

  • ASYMMETRICAL JAW MOVEMENT; UNILATERAL OR BILATERAL DECREASED STRENGHT

  ABNORMAL
• SKULL INSPECTION AND PALPATION: CRANIAL NERVE V ( SENSORY FUNCTION )

  > IDENTIFY IF ITS NORMAL OR ABNORMAL

  • SENSATION OF LIGHT TOUCH; EYELIDS BLINK WHEN CORNEA TOUCHED W/COTTON.

  NORMAL
• SKULL INSPECTION AND PALPATION: CRANIAL NERVE V ( SENSORY FUNCTION )

  > IDENTIFY IF ITS NORMAL OR ABNORMAL

  • ABSENT DECREASED OR UNEQUAL SENSATION; ABSENT BLINK

  ABNORMAL
• FACE INSPECTION: SIZE AND SYMMETRY OF FACIAL FEATURES

  > IDENTIFY IF ITS NORMAL OR ABNORMAL

  • VARIABLE, SYMMETRIC

  NORMAL
• FACE INSPECTION: SIZE AND SYMMETRY OF FACIAL FEATURES

  > IDENTIFY IF ITS NORMAL OR ABNORMAL

  • EXCESSIVE LARGE OR SMALL, ASYMMETRIC, DISTORTED, LESIONS, MASSES

  ABNORMAL
• FACIAL INSPECTION: FACIAL EXPRESSIONS

  > IDENTIFY IF ITS NORMAL OR ABNORMAL

  • VARIABLE, SYMMETRIC, CENTERED HEAD POSITION

  NORMAL
• FACIAL INSPECTION: FACIAL EXPRESSIONS

  > IDENTIFY IF ITS NORMAL OR ABNORMAL

  • ASYMMETRICAL ( BELL'S PALSY, PAROTITIS, MASK FACE ); DISTORTED FEATURES: HIRSUTISM, TIGHTENED, SUNKEN.

  ABNORMAL
• NOSE INSPECTION: POSITION, DEFORMITIES, SEPTAL DEVIATION, DISCHARGES, FLARING.

  > IDENTIFY IF ITS NORMAL OR ABNORMAL

  • NOSE MIDLINE, SYMMETRICAL, NO DEVIATION, NO FLARING.

  NORMAL

  
• NOSE INSPECTION: POSITION, DEFORMITIES, SEPTAL DEVIATION, DISCHARGES, FLARING.

  > IDENTIFY IF ITS NORMAL OR ABNORMAL

  • MISALIGNMENT OF NOSE ( PREVIOUS TRAUMA, CONGENITAL DEFORMITY, MASS ), + NASAL FLARING.

  ABNORMAL

  
• LIPS INSPECTION: COLOR, CONDITION, LESIONS

  > IDENTIFY IF ITS NORMAL OR ABNORMAL

  • PINK LIPS, MOIST, INTACT, NO LESIONS

  NORMAL

  
• LIPS INSPECTION: COLOR, CONDITION, LESIONS

  > IDENTIFY IF ITS NORMAL OR ABNORMAL

  • ASSYMETRICAL: CONGENITAL DEFORMITY, TRAUMA, PALLOR, REDNESS, CYANOSIS, LESION, CHEILITIS ( DEHYDRation )

  ABNORMAL

  
• LIPS INSPECTION: ASSESS FOR BREATH ODOR/PURSUED LIP BREATHING

  > IDENTIFY IF ITS NORMAL OR ABNORMAL

  • NO UNUSUAL ODOR, NO PLB

  NORMAL
• LIPS INSPECTION: ASSESS FOR BREATH ODOR/PURSUED LIP BREATHING

  > IDENTIFY IF ITS NORMAL OR ABNORMAL

  • HALITOSIS ( INFXN / GI PROBLEMS )

  ABNORMAL
• ORAL MUCOSA INSPECTION: COLOR, CONDITION, LESIONS

  > IDENTIFY IF ITS NORMAL OR ABNORMAL

  • PINK LIPS, MOIST, INTACT, NO LESIONS

  NORMAL

  
• ORAL MUCOSA INSPECTION: COLOR, CONDITION, LESIONS

  > IDENTIFY IF ITS NORMAL OR ABNORMAL

  • ABRASIONS, PAINFUL, INFLAMMATION, ULCERATIONS, ( ALLERGIC STOMATITIS ) , WHITE PATCHES ( ORAL THRUSH )

  ABNORMAL

  
• GUMS INSPECTION: COLOR, CONDITION, BLEEDING, LESIONS, PRESENSCE OF DENTURES

  > IDENTIFY IF ITS NORMAL OR ABNORMAL

  • PINK, MOIST, INTACT, NO LESIONS, NO BLEEDING, NO HYPERTROPHY

  NORMAL

  
• GUMS INSPECTION: COLOR, CONDITION, BLEEDING, LESIONS, PRESENSCE OF DENTURES

  > IDENTIFY IF ITS NORMAL OR ABNORMAL

  • INFLAMED, BLEEDING GUMS ( LEUKEMIA ); GINGIVAL HYPERPLASIA: PALE / GRAY GUMS ( CHRONIC GINGIVITIS )

  ABNORMAL

  
• TEETH INSPECTION: NUMBER, COLOR, CONDITION

  > IDENTIFY IF ITS NORMAL OR ABNORMAL

  • 32 TEETH IN ADULT; 20 IN CHILDREN; WHITE LIGHT YELLOW; NO CARRIES, NO MISSING OR LOOSE TEETH.

  NORMAL

  
• TEETH INSPECTION: NUMBER, COLOR, CONDITION

  > IDENTIFY IF ITS NORMAL OR ABNORMAL

  • LOOSE, MALALIGNMENT, DENTAL CARIES, TEETH GRAY ( TETRACYCLINE )

  ABNORMAL

  
• • IT IS COMPOSED OF MUSCLES LIGAMENTS AND CERVICAL VERTEBRAE. WHAT IT IS ?

  STERNOCLEIDOMASTOID JOINT AND TRAPEZIUS
• TONGUE INSPECTION: COLOR, TEXTURE, POSITION, MOBILITY

  >IDENTIFY IF ITS NORMAL OR ABNORMAL

  • PINK, MOIST PAPILLAE INTACT, MIDLINE W/FULL MOBILITY.

  NORMAL

  
• TONGUE INSPECTION: COLOR, TEXTURE, POSITION, MOBILITY

  >IDENTIFY IF ITS NORMAL OR ABNORMAL

  • ULCERATION, BLACK HAIRY TONGUE ( FUNGAL INFXN ), PAINFUL, REDDENED: ( CHEMICAL IRRITANTS / MEDS )

  ABNORMAL