NCM 103 HISTORICAL QUIZ

• Early beliefs and Practices

  • W itch or enemy and evil spirits
  • People believed in special gods of healing, with priest-physician (called “word doctors”). If they used leaves or roots, they called herb doctor (“Herbolarios”)
• Mangkukulam - Persons suffering from diseases without any identified cause were believed to be bewitched by
• Hospital Real de Manila - Mainly to care for the Spanish King’s soldiers, founded by Gov. Francisco de Sande
• San Lazaro Hospital - built exclusively for patients with leprosy, founded by Brother Juan Clemente.
• San Juan de Dios Hospital - founded by Brother of Misericordia that rendered general health service to the public
• Josephine Bracken - wife of Jose Rizal. Installed a field hospital in an estate house in  Tejeros.
• Rosa Sevilla de Alvero

  • Converted their house into quarters for the Filipino soldiers, during the Philippine-American War that broke out in 1899.
• Melchora Aquino - Nursed the wounded Filipino soldiers and gave them shelter and food
• Trinidad Tecson - "Ina ng Biac na Bato", stayed in the hospital at Biac na Bato to care for the wounded soldiers.
• Filipino Red Cross

  ▪ Malolos, Bulacan was the location of the national headquarters

  ▪ Functions of Filipino Red Cross by Collection of war funds and materials through concerts, charity bazaars, and voluntary contributions
• Anastacia Giron Tupas - First Filipino nurse to hold the position of Chief Nurse Superintendent; founder of the Philippine Nurses Association.
• Cesaria Tan - First Filipino to receive a Masters degree in Nursing abroad
• Socorro Sirilan - Pioneered in Hospital Social Service in San Lazaro Hospital where she was the Chief Nurse
• Rosa Militar - A pioneer in school health education
• Sor Ricarda Mendoza - A pioneer in nursing education
• Socorro Diaz - First editor of the PNA magazine called "The Message"
• Conchita Ruiz - First full-time editor of the newly named PNA magazine "The Filipino Nurse"
• Loreto Tupaz - "Dean of the Philippine Nursing; Florence Nightingale of Iloilo.
• Period of Intuitive Nursing - Nursing was untaught and instinctive. It was performed out of compassion for others, out of the wish to help others.
• Nomad - travel from one place to another

  
  

  • Survival of the fittest

  • “Best for the most” -motto

  • Nursing given by Women
• Shaman - Power to heal using white magic
• Trephining - Drilling a hole in the skull
• Babylonia 

  ⮚ “Code of Hammurabi”

  ⮚set of laws written by the Babylonian king Hammurabi

  ⮚medical regulations established fees, discouraged experimentation, recommended specific doctors for each disease and gave each patient the right to choose between the use of charms, medications, or surgical procedures to cure the disease
• Egypt

  ⮚Introduced the art of Embalming

  ⮚Recognized 250 diseases

  ⮚Slaves and patient’s families nursed the sick
• Israel

  ⮚ Moses is recognized as the “Father of Sanitation”

  ⮚He wrote the five books of the Old Testament which:

  ⮚Emphasized the practice of hospitality to strangers and acts of charity (Book of Genesis Old Testament).

  ⮚Promulgated laws of control on the spread of communicable disease and the ritual circumcision of the male child (Book of Leviticus)
• China

  ⮚ Use girl clothes for male babies keep evils away from them

  ⮚ Practiced worship which prohibit the dissection of human body.

  ⮚ Use materia medica (pharmacology) which prescribed or treating diseases.
• materia medica (pharmacology) which prescribed or treating diseases.
• India

  ⮚ practiced an intuitive form of asepsis and were proficient in practice of medicine and surgery.

  ⮚“Sushurutu” refers to nurses qualifications (Job Description)
• Caduceus - a represents medicine, healing and Medical Profession

  ⮚ It features two snakes wrapped around a winged staff or rod, often with a small ball or globe on top.
• Hippocrates, born in Greece, known as the “Father of Scientific Medicine”

  
  

  ⮚best known for his work in developing the principles of modern medicine, including the idea that diseases have natural causes and can be treated through observation and deduction.
• Fabiola was a worldly, beautiful Roman matron who was converted to Christian by her friends Marcella and Paula. With their help, she made her home the first hospital in the Christian world.
• St. Clare

  Follower and Founder of the Second Order of

  St. Francis of Assisi
• St. Elizabeth of Hungary

  Known as the “Patroness of Nurses”
• St. Catherine of Siena

  Dedicate her life to God. Gave nursing care to sick
• Mdme Jeanne Mance was the first laywoman who worked as a nurse in North America. She founded the Hotel Dieu of Montreal, a log cabin hospital.
• Dorothea Lynde Dix. She established the nurse Corps of the United State Army. She directed the nursing of the injured
• Clara Barton. Founded the American Red Cross
• Linda Richards. First graduate nurse in the US; graduated on September 1, 1872, from the New England Hospital for Women in Boston
• Dr. William Halsted. Designed the first rubber gloves
• Caroline Hampton Robb. The first nurse to wear rubber gloves while working as an operating