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Psychology
Psychopathology
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Created by
Katie Proudler
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Cards (67)
what is meant by the term statistical deviation?
behaviour that
is
numerically rare
Give an example of a behaviour that is statistically rare
IQ
Give one strength to statistical deviation
ALL diagnosis
involve a
statistical measurement
give one limitation to statistical deviation
Some behaviours
are
more common
than
others
what does the term deviation from social norms mean (DSM)?
behaviour that is not accepted by society
give an example of DSM
antisocial personality disorder
evaluate DSM
may help people in society gain help from professionals
- subjective
what is meant by the term failure to function adequately?
inability to keep up with the demands of everyday life
name an example of FFA
depression
evaluate FFA?
abnormality isn't always followed by dysfunction
what is meant by the term deviation from ideal mental health?
the
more criteria
you
fail
to meet the more
abnormal
you are
Name all 6 characteristics of Deviation from Ideal Mental health (DIMH) ?
positive attitude towards oneself
,
self-actualisation
,
autonomy
,
resisting stress
,
accurate perception
of
reality
,
environmental mastery
Evaluate DIMH?
criteria
is
impossible
to
meet
Define the term phobia:
an irrational fear
of an
object
or a
situation
Name 3 behavioural characteristics involved with phobias:
Avoidance
,
Panic
,
endurance
name 3 emotional characteristics assosciated with phobias:
anxiety
,
feelings
of
dread
,
unreasonable emotional responses
name 3 cognitive characteristics assosciated with phobias:
selective attention
,
irrational beliefs
,
cognitive distortions
what is meant by the term Two-way process model in phobias?
phobias
are
learnt
through
classical conditioning
and maintained through operant conditioning
what can classical conditioning also be referred to in phobias?
acquisition
what evidence is there of learning phobias through classical conditioning?
Little Albert
How are phobias maintained?
through
anxiety avoidance
which lead to
negative reinforcement
give a limitation to phobia research
not all phobias
come from
trauma
what are the two BEHAVIOURAL treatments to flooding?
systematic desensitisation
and
floodinh
what does systematic desensitisation involve?
replacing fear
with
relaxation
what is it called when you replace fear with relaxation?
reciprocal inhibition
what are the 3 stages to systematic desensitisation?
anxiety hierarchy
, relaxation, exposure
define the term flooding?
directly exposing people to their phobias
define the term extinction in terms of phobias?
stopping phobic responses quickly without avoidance
what kind of phobia did Wolpe try to eradicate?
fear of cars
what are the positives of using systematic desensitisation?
patients are
accepting
of
treatment
wide
range of
patients
what are the positives of using flooding?
quick
cheap
what are the limitations of flooding?
doesn't work on all phobias
not ethical
what are the limitations to systematic desensitisation?
very slow treatment
define obsessions
thoughts
(
intrusive
)
define compulsions
behavioural response to obsessions
give 3 examples of behavioural characteristics of OCD?
repetitive compulsions
compulsions reduce
anxiety
avoidance
give 3 examples of emotional characteristics of OCD
Anxiety
/
distress
depression
guilt
/
disgust
give 3 examples of cognitive characteristics of OCD
obsessions
catastrophic thoughts
hyper vigilant
give 1 explanation to OCD:
genetics
(
twin
studies
)
According to Lewis , what percentage of patients with OCD had parents/siblings with it too?
parents -
37%
siblings -
21%
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