Contemporary Study : Brendgen et al

• What is the focus of the study in the document?

  Evaluate the contemporary study in biological psychology
• What is the aim of the study mentioned?

  Investigate if social aggression is caused by genetics
• How do social and physical aggression relate according to the study?

  They share the same cause
• What is the sample size of the study?

  44 MZ males, 50 MZ females, 41 DZ males, 32 DZ females
• What was a noted weakness in the study?

  Lacks internal validity
• What conditions were the twins assigned to?

  MZ/DZ conditions based on physical appearance
• What percentage of the time were the conditions accurately backed up?

  94%
• What was the procedure of the study?

  Data gathered from 5-60 months intervals
• What was the purpose of the spring term in the study?

  To ensure children were well-known
• How were teacher ratings structured in the study?

  Series of statements rated on a 3-point scale
• What type of aggression was assessed in the study?

  Physical and verbal aggression
• What was the outcome of the study regarding teacher ratings?

  All teachers received the same set of statements
• How did the study ensure reliability in ratings?

  All teachers rated using the same statements
• What was the significance of the matched pairs in the study?

  To assess social and physical aggression accurately
• What was the main conclusion of the study?

  Social aggression is influenced by genetics
• How can the findings of this study be replicated?

  By using the same methodology and sample size
• What is the strength of the statements discussed?

  Standardized procedures
• What was common among all the teachers in the study?

  They were given the same set of statements
• How did the teachers rate the twin matched statements?

  On a 3-point scale
• What does the study suggest about the replicability of the findings?

  The study can easily be replicated
• What is mentioned about internal validity in the study?

  There is low internal validity
• What is said about questionnaires in the context of the study?

  They are subjective and prone to bias
• What percentage of teachers received an nomination for social aggression?

  82%
• What percentage of teachers received an nomination for physical aggression?

  62%
• What type of data is used to calculate the findings?

  Quantitative data
• How are the findings expressed in the study?

  In percentages
• What do the findings suggest about social aggression and physical aggression?

  Social aggression has a higher correlation
• What might influence physical aggression according to the study?

  Genetics
• How can social aggression lead to physical aggression?

  It can influence the development of physical aggression
• What did the teacher ratings show for social aggression?

  82% received nominations
• What did the teacher ratings show for physical aggression?

  62% received nominations
• What does the study suggest about the implications of verbal aggression?

  It has significant implications for children
• How can measures be put in place to prevent verbal bullying?

  By implementing environmental measures in schools
• What are the strengths and weaknesses of the study's methodology?

  Strengths:

  • Standardized procedures
  • Easily replicable

  
  

  Weaknesses:

  • Low internal validity
  • Subjective questionnaires prone to bias
• What are the implications of the findings on social and physical aggression?

  • Higher correlation for social aggression
  • Genetic influences on physical aggression
  • Need for preventive measures in schools