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paper 2
research methods
experiments
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Cards (14)
types of experiments:
lab
quasi
natural
field
lab experiments:
-controlled environment
-measured DV
-manipulated IV
-standardised
lab experiments
strengths:
control
reliability
weakness:
ecological validity
field experiments:
natural environment
manipulated IV
measured DV
some
EV’s controlled
field experiment
strengths:
ecological validity
reduced demand characteristics
weakness:
control
quasi experiment
controlled environment
pre-existing IV
measured DV
standardised
quasi experiment
strength:
high reliability
weakness:
confounding variables
natural experiment:
natural environment
no control
IV manipulated
DV measured
natural experiment
strengths:
ecological validity
reduced demand characteristics
weakness:
control
the experimental designs are:
independent groups
repeated measures
matched pairs
independent groups:
different
people in each condition
strengths:
no
order effects
reduced demand characteristics
weakness:
individual differences
repeated measures:
same
people in
both
conditions
strength:
less individual differences
weaknesses:
more
demand characteristics
order effects
HOWEVER
order effects can be
eliminated
with
counterbalancing
(
ABBA
)
matched pairs:
pre
test
match
participants with
similar
scores
randomly
allocate
to conditions
compare
the pairs’ results
matched pairs
strengths:
less individual differences
reduced order effects
and
demand characteristics
weakness:
individual differences