Classic Study : Baddeley

• What was the aim of Baddeley et al.'s study?

  To investigate LTM and STM similarities
• What were the two types of similarity investigated in the study?

  Acoustic and semantic similarity
• How many participants were in the study?

  72 participants
• What was the sample type used in the study?

  Volunteer sample
• What were the four conditions participants were split into?

  Acoustically similar/dissimilar and semantically similar/dissimilar
• What is a weakness of the study regarding generalizability?

  It is ethnocentric and limited to British people
• Why might the sample be considered motivated?

  Participants were volunteers interested in psychology
• What is a strength of the study regarding memory encoding?

  Memory is universal and culture does not impact it
• What type of experiment was conducted in the study?

  Lab experiment
• What design was used in the study?

  Independent measures design
• How were the words presented to participants?

  On a projector at 1 every 3 seconds
• What was the purpose of the digit interference task?

  To eliminate the effect of STM
• How long did participants have to recall the words?

  1 minute
• What was the outcome after the 4th trial?

  No further forgetting before the surprise retest
• What was a strength of the study regarding data collection?

  Quantitative data was generated for analysis
• How did the recall percentages differ between conditions?

  40% recalled acoustically similar vs. 60% dissimilar
• What is a practical application of the study's findings?

  Helps students with efficient revision techniques
• How does the study suggest LTM is encoded?

  Semantically
• What are the strengths and weaknesses of Baddeley et al.'s study?

  Strengths:

  • Standardized procedures for replication
  • Quantitative data increases internal validity
  • Applications for efficient revision techniques

  
  

  Weaknesses:

  • Lacks generalizability due to sample
  • Task validity is low with artificial tasks