1.3 Developments in South and Southeast Asia

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    Ashley

    Cards (3)

    • -Hinduism orginated in South Asia
      -Hinduism spread to South East Asia
      -Hinduism is Polytheistic
      Cultural Developments and Interactions: Hinduism--The Basics
      -Text: Upanishads
      -Polytheistic(Manifestations of Brahma)
      -Universal Soul(Brahman) is permanent and unchanging(Unlike this life)
      Doctrines:
      -Samsara: Continuous cycle of birth, death, reincarnation
      -Karma: Behavior determines rebirth
      -Moksha: Release from Samsara(Circle of Rebirth)
      -A person's soul becomes part of the absolute soul(Brahman)
      Hinduism:
      • There is a Caste system and no way to move up in your current life. Encouraged ethical behavior, personal integrity, and respect for all living things(Dharma).
      Post-Classic Hinduism Bhakti Movement: Focused worship of one Hindu Deity(Usually Uishnu or Shiua). Often rejected rigid Caste and gender hierarchies and the need for Brahmin(Priests)
    • Buddhism
      South Asia:
      -Buddhism(Southeast Asia and East Asia)
      -4 noble truths: All life has suffering, Desire causes suffering, To eliminate suffering, eliminate desire, and follow 8-fold Path(Right behavior, speech, etc)
      Theravada Buddhism(Orginal Buddhism)
      -No need for Gods
      -No belief in Caste System
      -Nirvana(the ultimate state of enlightenment and liberation from suffering) is like Moksha(represents ultimate liberation from the cycle of birth, death, and rebirth)
      Cultural Developments and Interactions: Theravada Buddhism:
      -Monasteries(Dedicate their lives to reaching Nirvana; Monks)
      East Asia started looking at Budda as a God.
      South Asia is decentralized(Not 1 state or empire that controls the entire region)
      Vijayanagara Empire(Hindu Empire)
      -Economy was based on agriculture
      -Indian Ocean
      -Very prosperous empire
    • Political structures in Southeast Asia: Sriuijaya Empire (670-1025)
      -Buddhist kingdom
      -Seabased Kingdom
      -Economy was based on charging fees to ships passing through the Strait of Malacca
      Governence: SE Asia
      Khmer Empire:
      -Land Based
      -Originally Hindu
      -Hindu: Angkou Wat(Converted to Buddhism)
      -$ from agriculture(Economy: Agriculture)
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