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Esme Aeschlimann
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Subdecks (4)
Action potentials
Biopsych
61 cards
learning
Biopsych
168 cards
Senses
Biopsych
308 cards
Exploring the brain
Biopsych
22 cards
Cards (582)
What 6 things does ATP do?
-drive
reactions eg
protein synthesis
-muscle contraction
-move
molecules across
gradients
-transport proteins
around the
cell
-move microtubules
to allow
cells
to
crawl
?
What do lysosomes do?
break down molecules
for
recycling
with
enzymes
What is the golgi apparatus?
Another membrane
of the cell which is used for
transportation
throughout the cell
What part of the cell folds up proteins and transports them to where they are needed?
Endoplasmic reticulum
How do proteins fold?
Curl up
and
fold over
Can form
subunits
of
multiple proteins
for more
specialisation
What is translation?
the
decoding
of an
mRNA message
into a
protein
triplets
of
acgt
equals
different amino acids
Explain splicing
-rna
made of
exons
and
introns
-only
exons
needed for
proteins
-different
combos of
exons
from one
rna
/
gene
can form
different proteins
What is transcription?
making
rna
from
dna
What are the 4 stages of making a protein?
-transcription
-splicing
-translation
-folding
What 7 types of proteins are there?
-antibodies
-
structural
eg collagen
-contractile
(moving)
-transport
eg heamoglobin
-storage
-enzymes
-hormonal
eg insulin
What happens in ribosomes?
protein synthesis
What helps maintain the cells shape by criss-crossing the cytoplasm?
cytoskeleton-
made of
filaments
and
tubules
what is the cytoplasm made from?
-cytosol
(
water
,
ions
,
small molecules
,
amino acids
,
soluble proteins
)
-other cell structure
What is the cell membrane made out of?
-coat
of
phospholiods
, with
proteins
and
lipids
what 5 processes do cells do?
-make
things
-break
things down
-change
membrane voltage
-secrete
/transport things
-detect
things
what are the 5 jobs cells do
-detect
-signal
-digest
,
absorb
,
transport
-Fight infection
-moving
What job do cardiac muscle and other muscle cells do?
moving
What job do leukocyte cells do?
Fight infection
What do epithelial cells and red blood cells do?
Digest
absorb and
transport
What jobs do neurons and endocrine cells do?
Signalling
What job do
sensory neurons and pancreatic beta cells do?
Detect
Notes on organisation levels
-organ systems
dont act in
isolation
but
regulate
between
-supporting cells-
eg not just
neurons
in the
brain
but they are the
main
ones
What are the levels of organisation?
Organelles
,
cells
,
tissues
,
organs
,
organ systems
,
organisms
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