Biopsych

Subdecks (4)

Cards (582)

  • What 6 things does ATP do?
    -drive reactions eg protein synthesis
    -muscle contraction
    -move molecules across gradients
    -transport proteins around the cell
    -move microtubules to allow cells to crawl?
  • What do lysosomes do?
    break down molecules for recycling with enzymes
  • What is the golgi apparatus?
    Another membrane of the cell which is used for transportation throughout the cell
  • What part of the cell folds up proteins and transports them to where they are needed?
    Endoplasmic reticulum
  • How do proteins fold?
    Curl up and fold over
    Can form subunits of multiple proteins for more specialisation
  • What is translation?
    the decoding of an mRNA message into a protein
    triplets of acgt equals different amino acids
  • Explain splicing
    -rna made of exons and introns
    -only exons needed for proteins
    -different combos of exons from one rna/gene can form different proteins
  • What is transcription?
    making rna from dna
  • What are the 4 stages of making a protein?
    -transcription
    -splicing
    -translation
    -folding
  • What 7 types of proteins are there?
    -antibodies
    - structural
    eg collagen
    -contractile (moving)
    -transport eg heamoglobin
    -storage
    -enzymes
    -hormonal eg insulin
  • What happens in ribosomes?
    protein synthesis
  • What helps maintain the cells shape by criss-crossing the cytoplasm?
    cytoskeleton- made of filaments and tubules
  • what is the cytoplasm made from?
    -cytosol (water, ions, small molecules, amino acids, soluble proteins)
    -other cell structure
  • What is the cell membrane made out of?
    -coat of phospholiods, with proteins and lipids
  • what 5 processes do cells do?
    -make things
    -break things down
    -change membrane voltage
    -secrete/transport things
    -detect things
  • what are the 5 jobs cells do
    -detect
    -signal
    -digest, absorb, transport
    -Fight infection
    -moving
  • What job do cardiac muscle and other muscle cells do?
    moving
  • What job do leukocyte cells do?
    Fight infection
  • What do epithelial cells and red blood cells do?
    Digest absorb and transport
  • What jobs do neurons and endocrine cells do?
    Signalling
  • What job do sensory neurons and pancreatic beta cells do?
    Detect
  • Notes on organisation levels
    -organ systems dont act in isolation but regulate between
    -supporting cells- eg not just neurons in the brain but they are the main ones
  • What are the levels of organisation?
    Organelles, cells, tissues, organs, organ systems, organisms