Electricity and circuits

• The current is the rate at which charge flows through an object.
• Current = Charge / Time
• Electric potential difference (V) is measured in volts, V
• Potential difference is the energy transferred per unit charge between two points in a circuit.
• Power is the rate at which energy is used or supplied by a source.
• A battery has a higher potential difference than a light bulb, so it will transfer more energy when connected to the bulb.
• Power = Current x Potential Difference
• Resistance is the opposition to the flow of electric current.
• The symbol for resistance is R.
• In series circuits, all components are connected end-to-end with no branches.
• Resistors are components that have high resistance.
• Bulbs are components that have low resistance.
• When resistors or bulbs are placed in parallel, they share the same voltage but split the current between them.
• Parallel circuits can be used to increase the total power output from multiple devices.
• A fuse is a component used to protect electrical appliances from overloading.
• Series circuits can only supply one device at a time.
• When a circuit has more than one pathway for electricity to travel along, it's called a parallel circuit.
• In a series circuit, all components are connected end-to-end so that there is only one pathway for electricity to flow through.
• Current splits when components are added into a circuit.
• The resistance of a wire depends on its length, cross sectional area, and material.