enzymes and digestion

• what do digestive enzymes break down?

  big molecules
• what are the 3 big molecules the digestive enzymes break down?

  starch, proteins and fats
• what do digestive enzymes break down the big molecules into?

  sugars, amino acids, glycerol and fatty acids
• what do carbohydrase's convert carbohydrates into?

  simple sugars
• what is an example of a carbohydrase?

  amylase
• what does amylase break down?

  starch
• which 3 places is amylase made?

  1. salivary glands
  2. pancreas
  3. small intestine
• what do proteases convert proteins into?

  Amino acids
• which 3 places are protease made?

  1. stomach
  2. pancreas
  3. small intestine
• what do lipases convert lipids into?

  glycerol and fatty acids
• where are lipases made?

  1. pancreas
  2. small intestine
• What does bile do?

  neutralises the stomach acid and emulsifies fat
• where is bile produced?

  In the liver
• where is bile stored?

  In the gall bladder
• where is bile released into?

  small intestine
• What does Hydrochloric acid in the stomach make PH?

  it makes PH too acidic for enzymes in the small intestine to work properly. Bile is alkaline so it gets released into small intestine and neutralises the acid and makes conditions alkaline
• what is an advantage of bile emulsifying fat?

  Gives a bigger surface area of fat. which makes its digestion faster
• what is the breakdown of food catalysed by?

  enzymes
• where are enzymes used in the digestive system produced?

  glands and gut lining
• what do the salivary glands do?

  produce amylase in the saliva
• what does the liver do?

  produces bile which neutralises stomach acid and emulsifies fats
• what does the gall bladder do?

  stores bile before its released into small intestine
• what does the large intestine do?

  excess water absorbed from food
• what does the stomach do?

  1. pummels food
  2. produces protease and pepsin
  3. produces hydrochloric acid to kill bacteria and give right PH for protease enzyme to work
• what does the pancreas do?

  produces protease, amylase and lipase and releases it into small intestine
• what does the small intestine do?

  1. produces protease, amylase and lipase enzymes to complete digestion
  2. where digested food is absorbed out of digestive system into blood
• what does the rectum do?

  where faeces are stored before going out of the anus