cardiovascular disease

• What do stents do?

  keep arteries open
• What is coronary heart disease?

  When coronary arteries that supply blood get blocked by layers of fatty material building up. This causes arteries to become narrow so blood flow is restricted and there is a lack of oxygen to heart muscle
• What can coronary heart disease result to?

  Heart attack
• What are stents?

  Tubes inserted in the arteries which keep them open so blood can pass through.
• What do stents lower the risk off?

  Heart attack
• What are two advantages off stents?

  1. effective for a long time
  2. recovery time is quick
• what are three disadvantages of stents?

  1. complications during surgery
  2. risk of infection
  3. blood clot (thrombosis)
• What do statins reduce?

  Cholesterol in blood
• What is the name for bad cholestrol?

  LDL cholestrol
• What can LDL cholestrol cause?

  Health problems
• If you have too much bad cholestrol in the blood stream what can be caused?

  fatty deposits to form inside arteries
• what can fatty deposits in arteries lead to?

  coronary heart disease
• What are statins?

  drugs that reduce amount of bad cholestrol in bloodstream which slow down the rate of fatty deposits forming.
• what are three advantages of statins?

  1. reduce risk of stroke, coronary heart disease and heart attack
  2. Increase the amount of good cholestrol in bloodstream which can remove bad cholestrol
  3. help prevent other diseases
• What are three disadvantages of statins?

  1. long term drug that must be taken regularly
  2. negative side effects
  3. effect isnt instant. It takes time for their effect to kick in
• What can an artificial heart do?

  pump blood around the body
• What are artificial hearts?

  Mechanical devices that pump blood for a person whose own heart has failed
• what is the main advantage of artificial hearts?

  They are less likely to be rejected
• What are three disadvantages of artificial hearts?

  1. Can lead to bleeding and infection
  2. Dont work as well as natural hearts
  3. electric motor could fail
• What can faulty heart valves be replaced with?

  Biological or mechanical valves
• What can the valves in the heart be damaged by?

  1. heart attacks
  2. infection
  3. old age
• What can damage to valves cause?

  1. valve tissue to stiffen so it wont open properly
  2. Valve may become leaky allowing blood to flow in both directions
• How can severe valve damage be treated?

  replacing the valve
• where can replacement valves be taken from?

  humans or other mammals
• What are biological valves?

  valves from humans or other mammals
• What are mechanical valves?

  man made valves
• What can be a problem when fitting artificial valves?

  blood clots
• What is artificial blood?

  A blood subsitute
• What is artificial blood used for?

  To replace lost volume of blood