genes and dna

Created by

aileen✈️💐

Cards (56)

Where is dna stored?
it is stored in the nucleus of cells
what is the structure of dna
the structure of dna is called the 'double helix'
what is paired with thymine? 
adenine
what is paired with guanine? 
cytosine
what is dna made of?
molecules called nucleotides
what do genes do
responsible for synthesis of a single protein
how is each gene identifed 
by a sequence of nucleotide bases in the dna
why is protein produced by genes so important
to build cells, tissue, etc.
where are chromosones found in the cell
nucleus
what are chromosones made of
dna and proteins
description of a chromosone structure 
Chromosomes are long thing threadlike structures
how many chromosones do our cells contain
46
where does transcription occurs
it occurs inside of the nucleus
genes definition
portions of dna that are messages enconded on long strands of dna
what does RNA and DNA have in common
they are both nucleic acids
what is the function of translation in protein synthesis
to assemble amino acids into a protein chain
what does each dna strand consist of?
base, phosphate, sugar
what else do genes do ( think of humans )
genes are the unit of heredity, they decide our physical traits
what molecule provides the instructions to form our traits
dna
function of genetic code 
carries instruction for the cell to make specific proteins
What does RNA do
RNA will give instructions what kind of protein to make
how does RNA relate to DNA
RNA is a specific segment of DNA
what are genes
portions of dna
what is the structure of RNA
RNA is one chain of dna as it is a small copy of DNA
what happens in translation  
the RNA messege is used to assemble amino acids into a protein chain
what can mRNA do
it can leave the nucleus
what is an amino acid
building blocks of protein
function of tRNA
carries amino acids
what are tRNAS looking for
complemantary bases
what happens when the tRNA finds their complementary bases in the mRNA
they transfer into amino acids
transcription definition 
transcribe the DNA into a message
what does RNA look like
single stranded molecule, contains ribose sugar, contains different nitrogen bases
in RNA what are the nitrogen bases
adenine, cytosine, guanine, uracil
whats the main difference between RNA and DNA
RNA is a single stranded molecule, DNA is a double stranded molecule
in RNA, what does adenine complemntary base with
uracil
what does mRNA stand for
messanger RNA
what can mRNA do to pass the message
it can go out of the nucleus into the cytoplasm to attach in a ribosome
what is ribosomes made out of
ribosomal RNA and proteins
what does tRNA in stand for
transfer RNA
what do tRNA carry on them
they carry amino acids