The digestive system

• What is meant by a tissue?

  A group of cells with similar structure
• What is an organ?

  A group of tissues working together
• What is an organ system?

  A group of organs working together
• What are the main organs in the digestive system?

  Mouth, esophagus, stomach, small intestine
• What is the function of muscle cells?

  They can contract to facilitate movement
• Why do muscle cells contain many mitochondria?

  To provide energy needed for contraction
• What is the definition of a tissue?

  A group of cells with similar structure
• What is the role of glandular tissue in the stomach?

  It releases enzymes for digestion
• What is the function of the digestive system?

  To break down food and absorb nutrients
• What are the three main nutrients found in food?

  Carbohydrates, proteins, and lipids
• Why must large food molecules be digested?

  They are too large to be absorbed directly
• How are large food molecules broken down?

  By enzymes during digestion
• What happens to small molecules after digestion?

  They are absorbed into the bloodstream
• What role does saliva play in digestion?

  It contains enzymes that digest starch
• What is the function of hydrochloric acid in the stomach?

  It helps enzymes digest proteins
• What is the role of the pancreas in digestion?

  It releases enzymes for starch and protein digestion
• What does bile do in the digestive system?

  It speeds up lipid digestion and neutralizes acid
• How are small food molecules absorbed in the small intestine?

  By diffusion or active transport
• What happens in the large intestine?

  Water is absorbed into the bloodstream
• What is released from the body at the end of digestion?

  Feces
• How are the products of digestion used by the body?

  To build new carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins
• What is glucose used for in the body?

  It is used in respiration
• Where can you find questions on the digestive system for revision?

  In the revision book linked above
• What are the main functions of the digestive system organs?

  • Mouth: Chews food and begins starch digestion
  • Esophagus: Transports food to the stomach
  • Stomach: Digests proteins and churns food
  • Small intestine: Digests proteins and lipids, absorbs nutrients
  • Large intestine: Absorbs water and forms feces
• What is the process of digestion in the digestive system?

  1. Ingestion of food
  2. Mechanical digestion in the mouth
  3. Chemical digestion in the stomach and small intestine
  4. Absorption of nutrients into the bloodstream
  5. Elimination of waste as feces
• What are the types of nutrients found in food and their roles?

  • Carbohydrates: Provide energy
  • Proteins: Build and repair tissues
  • Lipids: Store energy and support cell structure