classification of living things

• The five kingdoms of living things are Animalia, Plantae, Fungi, Protista, and Monera.
• Fungi includes fungi without chlorophyll or cellulose cell walls.
• Plantae includes plants and algae with chlorophyll and cellulose cell walls.
• Characteristics of living things are nutrition, growth, respiration, sensitivity, movement, reproduction, respond to stimuli and excretion
• Characteristics of plantae are eukaryotic, multicellular, autotrophic and contain chloroplast
• Characteristics of animalia are multicellular, heterotrohpic and have a nervous system
• Characteristics of fungi are eukaryotic, non-vascular, heterotrohpic and non-mobile
• Protista are eukaryotic and most are unicellular
• Monera are unicellular, eukaryotic and motile such as bacteria
• Eukaryotic means that the cell has a nucleus and other membrane-bound organelles
• Autotrophic means that the organism makes its own food from inorganic molecules
• Heterotrophic means organisms that obtain energy from other organisms.
• The 2 phylum plantae plantae can be classified into is ferns and flowering plants
• Fern are vascular plants that reproduce and has spore size
• Flowering plants are also called magoliophyta
• Flowering plants can be classified into classes: monocotyledons and dicotyledons
• Monocotyledons have long an narrow leaves, parallel veins, flowers group in 3s and single cotyledon seeds
• Dicotyledons have broad leaves, network veins, 2 cotyledons seeds and flowers grouped in 4/5s
• Animalia can be classfied into phylum of invertebrates and vertebrates
• The phylum of animalia are arthropods (invertebreates), Annelida (invertebrates), nematoda (invertebrates), mollusa (invertebreates) and chordata (vertebrates)
• Vertebrates are animals with no exoskeleton, with backbone and internal skeleton, with spine and have a closed circulatory system
• Invertebrates are animals with exoskeleton, open circulatory system and without spine
• Arthropods are invertebrates like spider with jointed legs (appendagas), segmented body and exoskeleton with cuticle made of chitin
• Annelida: a large phylum that comprises the segmented worms, which include earthworms, lugworms, ragworms, and leeches.
• Nematoda are invertebrtes with body that is bilaterally symmetrical and cylindrical in shape such as roundworms
• Mollusa are soft-bodied, marine invertebrates and unsegmented body such as octopus and snails
• Chordata are vertebrates notochord with a dorsal hollow nerve chord such as fish
• vertebrates can be classified into classes: Mammals, reptiles, birds, amphibiens, fish
• invertebrates can be classified into classes: Crustaceans, myriapod, archnids and insects
• crustaceans five pairs of legs 2 pair of antennae, head and abdomen, and compound eyes. Example is lobster, crab and shrimp
• Myriapod has ten or more pairs of legs, one pair of antennae and simple eyes. Example are centipedas
• Arachnid have eight legs, no antennae, two body parts (cephalothorax and abdomen), and no wings. Examples are spiders and scorpions.
• Insects have three body parts (head, thorax, and abdomen) six legs, two antennae, and compound eyes. Example is ladybug and butterflies
• Mammals have fur and hair, use lungs to breath, feed their youngs, are able to regulate body temperature, dentation and internal fertilization. Examples are human, cats, dogs, tiger, whales and dolphin.
• Reptiles have dry skin, lay eggs, 4 limps, 5 toes, breath with lungs and unable to regulate body temperature. Examples are turtles, lizards and alligators
• Birds have feathers, wings, 4 toes and claws, internal fertilisation, regulate body temperature and lay eggs. Examples are birds
• Amphibians have moist skin, lay eggs in water, adult on lands, tadpoles breathe with lungs, 4 limps and unable to regulate body temperature. Examples are frogs and toads
• Fish have smooth surface, covered with overlappping scales, breath with gills, unable to regulate body temperature. Examples fish, sharks