chemical equations and reactions

• Learning science is the study of how people learn and the application of scientific principles to improve educational practices.
• Balanced Chemical Equation - An equation where the number of atoms of each element is equal on both sides of the equation
• Chemical Equations - A statement showing the reactants (substances being changed) on one side of an arrow and products (new substances formed) on the other side
• An increase in concentration or temperature of reactants increases the rate of a chemical reaction by increasing the number of collisions between reacting molecules.
• In a balanced equation, the number of atoms of each type is equal on both sides of the arrow.
• Catalysts increase the rate of a chemical reaction by lowering the activation energy required for the reaction to occur.
• A balanced equation shows how many atoms of each element there are on both sides of an equation.
• The rate of a chemical reaction depends on the frequency and energy of collisions between reacting molecules.
• The reactants are the substances that take part in a reaction.
• Unbalanced Chemical Equation - An equation that does not have an equal number of atoms of each element on both sides of the equation
• Conservation Law - The law that states matter cannot be created or destroyed, only transformed from one form into another
• A decrease in surface area of solid reactants decreases the rate of a chemical reaction because there are fewer particles available to undergo collision with other particles.
• Chemical Reaction - A process in which one or more substances are changed into different substances, usually accompanied by energy transfer
• The coefficients are used to balance the equation so that there are equal numbers of atoms of each element on both sides of the equation.
• Element - A substance made up of only one kind of atom
• The Law of Conservation of Mass states that matter cannot be created nor destroyed during a chemical reaction.
• The rate of a chemical reaction can be increased by increasing the surface area of the solid reactant.
• Reversible Reactions can go forward or backward depending on conditions such as pressure, temperature, or catalysts.
• Endothermic reaction - A type of chemical reaction that absorbs heat from its surroundings
• The products are the new substances formed as a result of a reaction.
• A catalyst speeds up a chemical reaction without itself undergoing any permanent change.
• Endothermic Reaction - A reaction that absorbs heat energy from its surroundings
• Balancing a Chemical Equation - The process of adjusting the coefficients (numbers) in front of the formulas so that the numbers of atoms of each element are equal on both sides of the equation
• A catalyst is a substance that speeds up a chemical reaction without itself getting used up or changing at all.
• Increasing pressure can also affect the rate of gas-phase reactions as it affects the frequency of particle collisions.
• When two elements combine chemically, they form a compound with a fixed ratio of atoms.
• Increasing temperature increases the kinetic energy of particles which leads to more frequent and energetic collisions resulting in faster rates of reaction.
• The reactants are the starting materials used in a chemical reaction.
• Enzymes are biological catalysts found inside cells.
• The rate of a chemical reaction depends on factors such as temperature, pressure, catalysts, and surface area.
• Stoichiometry - The calculation of quantities of reactants or products based on known amounts of other components involved in a chemical reaction
• Compound - A pure substance composed of two or more elements chemically combined in fixed proportions
• Molecule - Two or more atoms chemically bonded together
• Rate of a Chemical Reaction - How quickly a chemical reaction takes place
• Mixture - Two or more substances physically mixed together but not chemically bonded